阅读理解 --词义猜测题.pptx

阅读技巧点拨及训练 ----猜测词义题 ; “课标及中考要求”，对阅读能力的考察主要体现在: 1.细节理解题 2.猜测词义题 3.主旨大意题 4.推理判断题;Peoples shopping behaviour is not independent. Our behaviour depends on the behaviour of those around us. This influences both what people talk about and what they buy. Conversations are often driven to the common ground, so we talk about celebrities (like Lady Gaga), the weather or the local sports team. When it comes to the presents we are buying, we tend to bring up the things we think others have heard of. ;【题型分析】 在阅读题的考查中，我们经常会遇到一些需要借助对上下文的理解来猜测词义的题。这类题目考查学生是否能够紧扣原文，依据对上下文的把握和判断作出合理的猜测。;常见的考查形式： 1.直接对生词进行解释； 2. 对多义词、短语或整句在文章中的具体语言环境中的意义作出准确的判断； 3. 对英语中的一些习语进行解释； 4. 对文中的代词所指代的对象进行界定等。 ;这种题型的常见设题方式如下： a. The underlined word(phrase) in the passage means： b. The word “it/them” in the third paragraph refers to： c. The underlined sentence in the last paragraph means： d. What does the underlined word “…” refer to? e. By “…”， the writer means： ;猜测词义题常用下面这八种方法： ;猜测词义题常用下面这八种方法： ;(1)根据构词法猜测词义： 根据一部分英语单词的词根，观察词头(前缀)或词尾(后缀)来猜词义。 Ⅰ.派生词法：例题：I will not make friends with a dishonest person. A．not honest B．not true C．not lovely D．not friendly ;常见前缀和后缀总结： ;-or/-er(从事某种职业的人，名词后缀) ;-ing(形容词后缀) ;Ⅱ.合成词法：由两个单词组成的新词，可根据这两个单词的意思猜测出新词的词义。 例题：Being overweight is bad for your health. A．too much B．too fat C．too small D．too noisy;猜测词义题常用下面这八种方法： ;(2)根据标点符号猜测词义： 在“——”， “，”， “：”后面的内容通常都是对前面语言的解释、描写和补充说明。 例题：The Greek marriage was monogamous——men and women were allowed only one spouse(配偶). ;猜测词义题常用下面这八种方法： ;(3)根据同义词、近义词法猜测词义)： 看到“be considered as, refer to, and, or, also”等常连接同义词组的标志词时，可以根据这些标志词前后的同义词关系猜测出词义。 例题：Doctors believe that smoking cigarettes is detrimental to your health. They also regard drinking as harmful. ;猜测词义题常用下面这八种方法： ;(4)根据因果关系法猜测词义： 看到“because, as, since, for, so, as a result, so…that, such…that 等表示因果关系的关联词时，根据因果关系判断出词义。 例题：All his attempts (尝试)to unlock the door were futile, because he was using the wrong key. ;猜测词义题常用下面这八种方法： ;(5)根据对比转折关系法