人地外周血淋巴细胞培养.doc

实用标准文档 PAGE 文案大全 人的外周血淋巴细胞培养 摘 要 淋巴细胞是免疫系统中最重要的细胞，在免疫中起关键作用，维持内环境的稳定。对人的外周血淋巴细胞进行染色体核型分析对人类遗传研究及临床应用有重大意义。每一物种都有一定数目及一定形态结构的染色体，可在显微镜下观察到。本次实验的目的就是掌握人体微量血液体外培养制备染色体标本的方法并学习对人的外周血淋巴细胞进行核型分析。 每1ml 外周血中一般含有约1～3×106个小淋巴细胞， 几乎都处于G1期或G0期的非增殖状态 ，一般情况下是不再分裂的。但当在培养液中加入植物凝血素（PHA）后，淋巴细胞受刺激便转化为淋巴母细胞，重新进入增殖周期，进行有丝分裂。经过66～72小时(三个周期)的短期培养，秋水仙素的处理，低渗和固定，就可获得大量的有丝分裂相细胞，从而进行染色体标本制备和核型分析。这种微量全血培养技术已在临床医学、病毒学、药理学、遗传毒理学等方面得到了广泛应用。 本实验采取了人类的外周血进行实验，经各种技术处理后最后得到较为清晰的人体染色体照片。 通过实验发现：人类每个体细胞有46条染色体，22对常染色体和一对性染色体，男性是46，XY；女性是46，XX。 根据染色体的形态、大小、及着丝粒的位置，将人的外周淋巴细胞的46条染色体分为A、B、C、D、E、F、G7组共23种类型。 关键词 人的外周血淋巴细胞 染色体 低渗溶液 核型分析 秋水仙素 动物细胞体外培养 Human Peripheral Blood Lymphocyte Culture Abstract: Lymphocytes are among the most important immune system cells in the immune plays a key role in together, in order to maintain a stable environment. To analyze chromosome of lymphocytes is very important. Various biological chromosome number and shape are constant,can be seen under a microscope. The purpose of this experiment is human body trace blood samples were cultured in vitro chromosome preparation methods and studying on the peripheral blood lymphocyte karyotype analysis on. In human bodys 1ml circumference blood includes approximately 1~3×106 the small lymphocyte generally, usually they are between time G0 and the G1 time, generally is not divided. But when adding plant in medium coagulopathy (PHA), lymphocyte transformation and stimulated for lymphatic mother cell proliferation capacity, make its recovery, then entering mitosis. After 66~72 hours(three cycles) short-term training, autumn grain processing, daffodil, low permeability and fixed can be gained lots of mitotic cells, for makes the chromosome specimen preparation and analysis. This kind of micro whole blood culture technique in aspects and so on clinical medicine, virology, Pharmacology, heredity toxicology obtained widespread application. The experimental taken to conduct experiments on human peripheral blood, the various