吸烟的危害 吸烟与肺癌 吸烟与健康.ppt

* Health Benefits of Quitting Quitting brings immediate health benefits at any age. [Schroeder 483A] 1 year after cessation, coronary disease risk drops to ? of smokers All-cause death rate declines within first 2 years Stroke risk declines at a comparable rate In addition to extra years of life, quality of life is another benefit After 15 years of abstinence, the coronary disease risk falls to the rate of people who never smoked. [Schroeder 483B] Smokers who quit at age 65 can anticipate 4 years more life than those who continue to smoke. [Schroeder 483E] The rate of cancers falls by 50% after a decade of abstinence. [Schroeder 483E] Schroeder SA. What to do with a patient who smokes. JAMA. 2005;294(4):482-487. Schroeder 483A Schroeder 483B Schroeder 483C Schroeder 483D Schroeder 483C Slide 64 from SMOKING_CESSATION_09[1].26.05_Final * * Key Point Smoking cessation can lead to a reduction in mortality in people with mild-to-moderate airway obstruction. The Lung Health Study (LHS) was a randomized, multicenter clinical trial designed to determine whether a smoking cessation intervention program with or without the regular use of a bronchodilator can slow the rate of FEV1 decline over 5 years in smokers in the early stages of COPD. The authors also assessed the long-term effect of this smoking cessation program on mortality 14.5 years after initial evaluation. Smokers (N=5887) aged 35 to 60 years with airway obstruction defined as FEV1 of 55% to 90% of predicted and FEV1/FVC 0.70 were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 groups: usual care, smoking intervention and the inhaled bronchodilator ipratropium bromide, smoking intervention and an inhaled placebo. Participants were classified as sustained quitters if they were not smoking at all annual visits and continuous smokers if they were still smoking at all annual visits. Intermittent quitters reported smoking at some but not all of their follow-up visits or during the time between visits. Mortality was 6.04 per 1000 perso