高职高考英语复习第三章 主谓一致.ppt

7.由并列结构或连词（either...or，neither...nor，not...but，not only...but also，...or... 等）连接的并列主语，谓语动词与邻近的那个名词或代词保持一致。如： Not only my husband but also I am fond of the World Cup. 　不仅我丈夫而且我也喜欢看世界杯。 Neither his parents nor Tom is at home. 　汤姆和他的父母都不在家。 8.在倒装句和there be句型中，谓语动词与后面的第一个主语保持一致。如： There is a book and some pens on the desk. 　桌子上有一本书和几支钢笔。 Now comes your turn. 现在轮到你了。 9.在定语从句中，关系代词做主语，从句谓语动词应与它所指代的先行词保持一致。如： I know the man who is talking to my father. 　我认识正跟我父亲说话的那个人。 注意：在“one of+复数名词+who/that/which”引导的定语从句结构中，从句谓语动词用复数。但当one of之前有the only，the first等词表示特指时，从句谓语动词用单数形式。如： Jim is one of the students in her class who are praised by their teacher. 　吉姆是被老师表扬的同学之一。 Jim was the only one of the students who was praised by our teacher. 　吉姆是唯一被老师表扬的同学。 10.表示不定数量的词all，none，any，some，the rest，most，half等作主语时，应根据具体表达的意思来决定其后的谓语动词的单复数。如： All I know about this company is what he told me yesterday. 　我对这家公司的了解都是昨天他告诉我的。 All is right. 一切顺利。 All are present. 人都到齐了。 11.“分数或百分数+（of）+名词”及a lot of，lots of，plenty of，part of+名词构成的短语做主语时，其谓语动词与短语of后面的名词保持一致。如： 80%of cotton has been sent to America. 　80%的棉花已经被送往美国。 Half of the apples are red. 有一半的苹果是红的。 12.词组“a number of(大量的)+可数名词复数”的结构作主语时，谓语动词应用复数；但“the number of(· · · · · ·的数量) +可数名词复数”的结构作主语时，则谓语动词用单数。如： A number of ancient buildings were destroyed in the war. 　大量的古代建筑在战争中被毁坏了。 The number of the visitors has decreased this year. 　游客的数量今年减少了。 13.英语的集体名词（如：family，group，party，team，class，club，army，enemy，government 等），指代“整体”时为单数；指代“其中的各成员”时则为复数。如： My family was very poor when I was a little girl. 　当我还是一个小女孩儿的时候，我家很穷。 My family are all looking forward to seeing you soon. 　我的家人都在期待着早点见到你。 注意：表示总称的名词police，people，clothes，cattle（牛）等做主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。 14.“the+形容词（或分词）”表示“一类人”做主语时，谓语动词用复数。 The poor were not able to buy houses to live in. 　穷人买不起房子住。 15.主语从句、不定式短语、动名词短语以及表示时间、金钱、距离、重量等概念的词做主语时，视为整体看待，谓语动词常用单数形式。如： Watching TV too much is bad for your health. 　电视看得太多对健康有害。 When to leave has not been decided. 　什么时候离开还没有定下来。 Ten minutes is e