英美文学选读(必修课)PPT-Lecture-four.ppt

Christopher Marlowe (1564-1593) Marlowe Theatre, Canterbury An anonymous portrait in Corpus Christi College, Cambridge, often believed to show Christopher Marlowe. University Wits A group of English playwrights who received higher education in universities. They transformed popular drama during the Elizabethan era, and are collectively known as the University Wits. Christopher Marlowe, Thomas Kyd, Robert Green, and John Lyle, etc. Major works Tamburlaine, Part I II, The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus The Jew of Malta Edward II “The Passionate Shepherd to His Love”. Francis Bacon (1561-1626) Life Born in a noble family his father was Elizabeth’s first Lord Keeper) Educated at Cambridge and studied law after his graduation . Entered the Parliament at the age of 26 After Elizabeth died and King James I succeeded the throne, he was made Lord Keeper and then Lord High Chancellor(大法官(阁员之一, 兼任上议院院长)). But later he was accused of taking bribes in office. He retired in disgrace and spent the last five years of his life in literature. Achievements A philosopher, scientist, and essayist He lays the foundation for modern science His Essays is the first example of that genre in English literature, and it has been recognized as an important landmark in the development of English prose. Works His work can be divided into three groups, the philosophical, the literary, and the professional works. The philosophical works the Advancement of Learning (in English in 1605), the Novum Organum, (in Latin in 1620) the De Augmentis (in Latin in 1623) Literary works Essays (1597, 1612, 1625) The New Atlantis Professional works Maxims of Law, The Learned Reading upon the Statute of Uses Essays The name of this work is from Michel de Montaigne’ Essais. However, Bacon’s Essays is different in outlook and writing style. Bacon’s Essays is general, and he wanted to write for the ambitious Elizabethan and Jacobean youth of his class and tell them how to be efficient an