抗生素英文课件 Antibiotics 抗生素.ppt

Antibiotics Antibiotics The first antibiotic was penicillin, discovered accidentally from a mold culture. Today, over 100 different antibiotics are available to doctors to cure minor discomforts as well as life-threatening infections. What are they? Antibiotics are among the most frequently prescribed medications in modern medicine. Antibiotics cure disease by killing or injuring bacteria. What do they do? Antibiotics only treat bacterial infections. Antibiotics are useless against viral infections (for example, the common cold) and fungal infections (such as ringworm). What do they do? Each antibiotic is effective only for certain types of infections. In most cases, a doctor must choose an antibiotic based on the most likely cause of the infection. EX: a few bacteria cause about 90% of pneumonias. If that does not work, they will try a different type. What do they do? If nothing else works, the doctor may prescribe a cocktail (many different antibiotics at one time) How do they know? Cultures (sample from your infection) is allowed to grow in a laboratory to see if it is bacterial. Ahhhh! How do they know? If the culture is positive: The way bacteria grow Shape of the bacteria Gram stains If an antibiotic is stopped early, the bacteria may be partially treated and not completely killed and may cause a reinfection. Finish all of your medicine, even if you feel better! Resistant Bacteria AKA: “Superbugs” Bacteria have emerged that cannot be killed by any known antibiotics!! The Results? About 100 percent of bacteria that cause infections are resistant to at least one common antibiotic. Some pathogenic bacteria are resistant to all approved antibiotics and must be treated with experimental and potentially toxic drugs. Overuse! By prescribing antibiotics for the common cold or flu. Why? Many people expect to get a prescription when they visit their doctor. /watch?v=2FJHpN7WyvEfeature=relatedsafety_mode=truepersist_safety_mode=1 How did this h