霍金英文简介.ppt

* Stephen William Hawking 1,There was never a start and would be no end.2.My goal is simple. It is complete understanding of the universe, why it is as it is and why it exists at all. 3.While there‘s life , there is hope . 4Life is not fair, regardless of your circumstances, you can go.? 6.Dont cry because it is over, smile because it happened. Group 5 Hawking grew up outside London in an intellectual family. He was an awkward schoolboy, but knew from early on that he wanted to study science. In 1959 he won a scholarship to Oxford University, where his intellectual capabilities became more noticeable. In 1962 he got his degree with honors and went to Cambridge University. There he became intrigued with black holes and “space-time singularities,” or events in which the laws of physics seem to break down. After receiving his PhD, he stayed at Cambridge, becoming known even in his 20s for his pioneering ideas and use of Einstein‘s formulas(公式）, as well as his questioning of older, established physicists. In 1968 he joined the staff of the Institute of Astronomy in Cambridge and began to apply the laws of thermodynamics to black holes by means of very complicated mathematics. He published the very technical book, Large Scale Structure of Space-Time but soon afterwards made a startling discovery. It had always been thought that nothing could escape a black hole; Hawking suggested that under certain conditions, a black hole could emit（发出） subatomic particles. That is now know as Hawking Radiation. He continued working on the theory of the origin of the universe, and in doing so found ways to link relativity (gravity) with quantum mechanics (the inner workings of atoms). This contributed enormously to what physicists call Grand Unified Theory, a way of explaining, in one equation, all physical matter in the universe. At the remarkably young age of 32, he was named a fellow of the Royal Society. He received the Albert Einstein Award, the mo