基于单片机的室内煤气报警装置_课题设计.doc

PAGE 基于单片机的室内煤气报警装置 摘 要 随着经济和科学技术的快速发展,人们对生活质量的提高和生活环境的改善越来越重视,液化气、煤气进入家庭的使用为人们带来了方便,也改善了城市的环境,但同时也给人们带来了潜在的危险,其中一氧化碳是最主要的危险源。若管道和阀门密封不好，它们泄露出去，轻者引起中毒，重者造成火灾，危及人们的生命财产。由于这些原因，对于气体的检测与控制就变得很重要了，研究各种气体的检测方法与传感器也随之成为一个重要课题。 本课题设计煤气报警采用了AT89C51单片机为报警器的核心部件，对煤气报警器进行控制。通过MQ-7一氧化碳气体传感器对煤气进行检测，当检测到有煤气泄漏，会发生报警信号，而且DS18B20温度检测装置也能监测温度的异常，从而实现对家用和工业煤气漏气的监控。整个系统的硬件电路设计合理，性能安全可靠。 关键词：煤气检测 单片机 温度检测 ABSTRACT With the rapid development of economy and the science technology， people become pay more and more attention to the quality of life and improving the environment ,and coal gas used into the family brings convenience to people , but also to improve the potential dangers, including the risk of carbon monoxide is the most important source. If not sealed pipes and valves, gas leak, lightly causes poisoning ,heavily causes fire , endangering peoples lives and property . For these reasons , it is very important for us to inspect and control these gases well, and it is obviously very important to study on the inspection methods and sensors of all kinds of gases. This paper introduces the design of a coal gas alarm’s device that uses the AT89C51 SCM as the most important controller. Through the MQ-7CO gas sensor gas detection, when the detection of the gas leakage happens, alarm signals, and the DS18B20 temperature monitoring device can monitor temperature anomaly. Then we can monitor the leak of coal gas in the house and industry. The hardware design of circuits is reasonable and the performance of the coal gas alarm’s device is safe and reliable. Key words: gas detection MCU temperature monitoring 目 录 TOC \o 1-3 \h \z \u 1 前 言 h 1 1.1 课题背景 h 1 1.2 国内外发展状况和趋势 h 1 1.3 研究目标 h 3 2 元件介绍 h 4 2.1 AT89C51简介 h 4 2.2 传感器MQ-7 h 6 2.3 DS18B20 h 7 2.3.1 DS18B20的主要特征 h 7 2.3.2 DS18B20的内部结构 h 8 2.3.3 DS18B20工作原理 h 8 3 硬件电路设计 h 10 3.1 系统原理介绍 h 10 3.2 主控制电路设计 h 11 3.3 温度显示电路设计 h 14 3.4 气体检测电路设计 h 15 3.4.1 传感器简介 h 15 3.