减速装置的曲轴连杆式液压马达的设计毕业设计说明书.doc

PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT 3 减速装置的曲轴连杆式液压马达的毕业设计说明书 摘 要 曲轴连杆式液压马达的特点是可靠性好、效率高、寿命长、噪音低转速范围宽等一系列特点，因而适用范围广，可广泛应用于建筑工程机械、起重运输设备、重型冶金机械、石油煤矿机械、船舶甲板机械、机床、塑料、地质钻探设备等各种机械的液压传动系统中。特别适用于提升绞盘、卷筒驱动、各种回转机械驱动、履带和轮子行走机构的驱动等传动机械中。 曲轴连杆式液压马达具有结构紧凑，布置灵活，重量轻，惯性力矩小，调速性能好，低速运转平稳，启动效率高，加速和制动时间短，过载保护容易。等优点，因而在内获得了广泛的应用。国内有广泛运用并在一些万吨货轮，刨煤机，拖拉机，挖掘机石油钻井机等机器上进行了试用。20世纪60年代初，才开始对国外低速大转矩液压马达的样机进行测绘仿制，初步形成了曲轴连杆马达JDM系列，额定工作压力为16MPa液压马达按其结构类型来分可以分为齿轮式、叶片式、柱塞式和其它型式。曲轴连杆式马达原理是压力油通过配油盘进入缸体内，迫使柱塞从缸体中伸出，并沿斜盘滑动，使缸体与轴一同旋转而做功，回油通过配油盘的另一开口排出。齿轮马达和叶片马达属于高速马达，它们的惯性和输出扭矩很小，便于起动和反向，但在低速时速度不稳或效率显著降低。液压泵只是单向转动,而液压马达则能正反转,故齿轮马达的进出油口对称，而齿轮泵进口大而出口小。叶片马达的叶片在转子上径向排列；叶片泵的叶片则不是径向排列，而有一定倾角。液压马达是作连续回转运动并输出转矩的液压执行元件。 通过此次研究了解曲轴连杆式液压马达的工作原理，结构特点。并对曲轴连杆式液压马达中的偏心轮，活塞缸，曲轴，连杆等部件进行分析与设计 关键词：曲轴连杆，液压马达，低速大扭矩，运转平稳，建筑工程机械。 Abstract Crankshaft connecting rod hydraulic motor is characterized by high reliability, high efficiency, long life, low noise, wide speed range and a series of characteristics, and thus for a wide range, can be widely used in construction machinery, lifting and transport equipment, heavy metallurgical machinery , oil mining machinery, marine deck machinery, machine tools, plastics, geological drilling equipment and other machinery, hydraulic transmission systems. Especially suitable for hoisting winch, drum drive, a variety of rotary mechanical drive, crawler and wheel drive running gear and other transmission machinery. Crankshaft connecting rod hydraulic motor has compact structure, flexible layout, light weight, small moment of inertia, speed performance, low-speed, smooth operation, high efficiency starts, acceleration and braking time is short, overload protection easy. Etc., which included access to a wide range of applications. Extensive use of domestic and in some ton freighters, plow, tractor, excavator oil drilling machines and other machines for a trial. 20 In the early 1960s, began on low speed high torque hydraulic motor foreign prototype for mapping imitation, initially forming a crank r