PPP模式 外文文献翻译.ppt

Government departments, at levels of line ministry and local governments across all the infrastructure sectors, have discrete functions and none of them want to lose their administrative power or lessen control. Problems thus occur when PPP projects go through the administrative procedures. For example, in a recent case of a light-rail PPP project that had been approved by the City Development and Reform Commission(Grantor on behalf of the City Government), the project sponsor was allowed to develop commercial properties affiliated to this light-rail project, as a financial subsidy to the Sponsor. 政府部门，在部委和所有基础设施部门的地方政府，各级具有独立的功能，没有人想失去他们的行政权力或减少控制。当PPP项目经历行政手续时这些问题因此就出现了。例如，在最近的一个已被城市发展和改革委员会批准的轻轨PPP项目的案例中（出让人代表市政府），项目发起人被允许作为财政补贴的赞助商开发附属于该轻轨项目的商业物业。 However, when the Sponsor designed the project with office buildings on top of the station terminal for sale as means for financing the project,the Urban Planning Bureau called for a stop of this activity in that the land approved for the project could be used for the rail project only. The discrete functions for the project under the current administration structure constrained project innovation. This is consistent with Sha’s (2004) findings that control and intervention from government departments, especially by local government officials, is the major source of problems within China’s construction industry which increases transaction costs in China’s construction market. 然而，当发起人设计的位于车站码头顶部带有写字楼的这一项目是作为融资项目的一种方式来出售的时候，城市规划局要求停止这项活动，在这场活动中，被批准用在这个项目的土地只能被用于铁轨项目。该项目在目前的治理结构的离散功能限制了项目的创新。这和控制和干预政府部门，特别是地方政府官员沙的研究结果相一致，这是中国建筑行业经常出现问题的主要来源，从而增加了在中国市场的交易成本。 Very recently the government has been continuing to create legislation and policies to enhance the institutional environment and to regulate the behavior of governmental departments.From 2012 to early 2014, new implementation rules and guides were released by relevant ministries and city governments to materialize the general policy document “Directives of Promotin