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Sonnet
Sonnet--- a short poem of 14 lines, usually in iambic pentameter with a fixed rhyme scheme.
Sonnet
Originated in Italy in 13th C; came to perfection in the hands of Dante and Petrarch; introduced into England by Thomas Wyatt in 16th c.
Traditional themes: love, friendship, poetry
Two main types of sonnet
1. The Petrarchan or Italian sonnet; containing two parts, an octave ( 8 lines) and a sestet (6 lines). Rhyme scheme: abbaabba cdecde.
2. The Shakespearean or English sonnet; consisting 3 quatrains and a couplet, with the rhyme scheme abab cdcd efef gg
Shakespeare’s sonnets
154 sonnets:
Shakespeare’s sonnets tell the story of his troubled relationships with two deeply flawed lovers: a young man and a dark lady.
Shakespeare’s sonnets
1-126 addressed to a young man, beloved of the poet, of superior beauty and rank but of somewhat questionable morals and constancy .
love, admiration, jealousy
Shakespeare’s sonnets
127-152 to a mysterious “Dark Lady”, who is sensual, promiscuous, and irresistible
Love, contempt, disgust
153-154 translation or adaptations of some Greek epigram
Texts study
2. Sonnet 18 of Shakespeare
“Shall I Compare Thee to a Summer’s Day”
Meter and Rhyme scheme:
abab cdcd efef gg
Sonnet 18 of Shakespeare
Theme :
Beautiful things can be made eternal by poetry.
Sonnet 18 of Shakespeare
Structure
proposal (1-2)
argument (3-12)
conclusion(13-14)
Sonnet 29 of Shakespeare
Quatrain 1 describes the poet’s despair;
Quatrain 2 tells what the poet envies in others that he does not have himself.
Quatrain 3 indicates how the poet relieves his despair by remembering his friend’s love.
The couplet summarizes the sonnet and best expresses the theme: I realize how lucky I am when I remember I have your love. Love is a compensation for the poet’s lack of status and success.
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