联醇法制甲醇..doc

： 联醇法制甲醇 华东理工大学 王凯 PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT I 摘 要 甲醇是最简单的化学品之一，它应用广泛，是重要的化工基础原料和清洁液体原料，主要应用于有机合成、染料、医药、农药、涂料、汽车和国防等工业中，可以用来合成一系列有机化工产品。 本设计详细论述了甲醇的物理和化学性质以及它的用途，国内外甲醇生产的发展史及前景，甲醇的生产方法，高压法、中压法、低压法和各方法的优缺点及可行性。分析并比较了天然气制甲醇，煤、焦炭制甲醇，油制甲醇和联醇生产制甲醇的工艺对比，详细说明联醇生产的工艺流程，是充分利用了现有的合成氨生产装备，在其基础上只需增加甲醇合成和精馏两套设备即可生产甲醇。 联醇生产重点的工艺条件是除了必须满足最基本的甲醇生产的反应条件外，还一定要满足合成氨生产的基本需要。此设计中包含了甲醇合成、精馏工段的工艺设计、工艺计算，包括物料平衡计算和热量平衡计算，即物料在整个工艺过程中的质量守恒和热量守恒。本设计着重介绍了甲醇合成大概的工艺流程、煤的气化、气体的脱硫及变换、脱碳、合成气的压缩、甲醇的合成以及甲醇精馏。 设计中绘制有设备一览表，精馏工段工艺流程图及甲醇精馏塔的CAD图。 关键词：甲醇；联醇；精馏；合成 PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT III Abstract Methanol is one of the most simple chemicals. It is widely used, is an important basic chemical raw material and clean liquid raw materials, mainly used in organic synthesis, dye, medicine, pesticide, paint, automotive and defense industry can used to synthesize a series of organic chemical products. This design is discussed in detail the physical and chemical properties of methanol and its uses, history and Prospect of the development of domestic methanol production, methanol production process, high pressure, medium pressure method, low voltage method and the method of the advantages, disadvantages and feasibility. Analysis and comparison of natural gas, methanol, coal, coke, methanol, oil to methanol and alcohol production of methanol process comparison, a detailed description of the joint, the alcohol production process makes full use of the existing ammonia production equipment, is only needed to increase methanol synthesis and distillation two sets of equipment for the production of methanol on the basis. The technological conditions of the production of the alcohol are the basic need to meet the basic need of the ammonia production except for the basic methanol production conditions.. This design contains methanol synthesis and distillation section in the process design, process calculation, including the calculation of material balance and hea