徽州古民居测绘、检测及木柱加固技术与方法研究-建筑与土木工程专业论文.docx

安徽 安徽建筑大学硕士学位论文 万方数据 万方数据 I II 摘 要 徽州古民居是我国古建筑宝库中的一朵奇葩，它具有丰富的艺术价值和历史价 值，由于经过几百年的风雨洗礼，很多古民居都经历着不同程度的破损，对它们的保 护刻不容缓。本文通过查阅大量文献与资料，对徽州地区进行实地勘测，询问当地工 匠，对古民居的传统测绘方法与现代测绘技术进行了对比分析，并给出了几种简单适 用的测绘方法；同时，归纳总结了几种传统无损检测方法以及检测流程，并以安徽建 筑大学结构实验室的一栋徽州古民居为例详细阐述了超声波无损检测技术、根据检测 结果进行古民居安全性的判断；利用 SAP2000 有限元软件对古民居整体结构进行了 数值模拟，对比分析了动弹性模量与标准弹性模量的差别，同时验算了结构构件的安 全性；研究了古民居主要受力构件木柱的传统与现代加固方法，并用 ANSYS 软件对 “巴掌榫”加固方法进行了验证与分析，得出了一些结论，一是巴掌榫的破坏是沿着 榫面的垂直方向，二是沿榫面垂直方向的位移是最大的，三是在加固时两根铁箍的效 果明显高于一根铁箍。 本文的研究成果可以为以后从事徽州古民居保护与修缮的工程技术人员提供技 术参考，为徽州古建筑修缮技术标准制定提供相关理论支撑。 图 62 表 11 参 56 关键词：徽州古民居；测绘；无损检测；加固；有限元；木柱 分类号：TU366.2 III Abstract Huizhou ancient dwellings of ancient architecture is a treasure trove of wonderful work, it has a rich artistic and historical value, because after hundreds of years of trials and hardships, many ancient houses have experienced varying degrees of damage, their protection is urgent.In this paper, a review of a large number of documents and information on the Huizhou region to conduct field survey, asking local artisans, traditional mapping methods of ancient houses with modern mapping techniques were compared and analyzed, and gives a few simple mapping method applicable;Meanwhile, summarized several traditional NDT methods and testing process, and in the structure of Anhui University of Architecture Lab Set an example of Ancient Houses elaborated ultrasonic nondestructive testing technology for the security of the ancient houses judgment based on test results;The use of finite element software SAP2000 overall structure of ancient houses were simulated , comparative analysis of the difference between the dynamic elastic modulus and the elastic modulus of the standard, while checking the security of the structural members;Study of ancient tradition and modern reinforcement methods force component mainly wooden houses and using ANSYS software slap tongue reinforcement method was validated and analysis,Some conclusions are drawn, slap tenon damage along the tenon