BLDC无刷直流电动机 设计.doc

. . .. .. 摘 要 序言 　　由于BLDC无刷直流电动机既具有交流电动机的结构简单、运行可靠、维护方便等一系列优点，又具备直流电动机的运行效率高、无励磁损耗以及调速性能好等诸多优点，故在当今国民经济各领域应用日益普及。 　　一个多世纪以来，电动机作为机电能量转换装置，其应用范围已遍及国民经济的各个领域以及人们的日常生活中。其主要类型有同步电动机、异步电动机和直流电动机三种。由于传统的直流电动机均采用电刷以机械方法进行换向，因而存在相对的机械摩擦，由此带来了噪声、火化、无线电干扰以及寿命短等弱点，再加上制造成本高及维修困难等缺点，从而大大限制了它的应用范围，致使目前工农业生产上大多数均采用三相异步电动机。 　　针对上述传统直流电动机的弊病，早在上世纪30年代就有人开始研制以电子换向代替电刷机械换向的BLDC无刷直流电动机。经过了几十年的努力，直至上世纪60年代初终于实现了这一愿望。上世纪70年代以来，随着电力电子工业的飞速发展，许多高性能半导体功率器件，如GTR、MOSFET、IGBT、IPM等相继出现，以及高性能永磁材料的问世，均为BLDC无刷直流电动机的广泛应用奠定了坚实的基础。 关键字：BLDC，各个领域，发展，高性能 . . ABSTRACT Preface Due to a series of advantages of the structure of BLDC brushless DC motor not only has the simple AC motor, reliable operation, convenient maintenance and so on, but also have many advantages of DC motor and high operation efficiency, no excitation loss and good speed performance, the application in various fields of todays national economy growing popularity. More than a century, the motor as an electromechanical energy conversion devices, its application scope has been in every field of the national economy and peoples daily life. A synchronous motor, induction motor and DC motor for the three main types of. Because the conventional DC motor adopts brush reversing in a mechanical way, so there are relative mechanical frictions, which brings the cremation, radio interference and noise, short life and other weaknesses, shortcomings coupled with high manufacturing cost and difficult maintenance etc, which greatly limits its scope of application, resulting in the current agricultural and industrial production most adopt the three-phase asynchronous motor. In view of the disadvantages of traditional DC motor, in the early 30s of the last century began to develop in the electronic commutation instead of brush commutation of Brushless DC motor BLDC. After decades of effort, until in the early 60 century finally realized this desire. The last century since the 70s, with the rapid development of power electronics industry, many high perfo