教师在儿童抑郁症处理过程中作用.pptVIP

教师在儿童抑郁症处理过程中的作用 A Teachers Role in Treatment of Childhood Depression 关于童年抑郁的教师须知 Until recently, the very existence of depression in children was questioned. Today, it is estimated that 20 percent of the school-age population manifests some symptoms of depression 直到晚近，儿童抑郁究竟是否存在仍然是个问题。但是如今据估计有20%的学龄儿童表现出某些抑郁症状。 The “Who” of Childhood Depression “哪些人”患儿童抑郁症 Korup (1985) found that 10 percent of a sample of 226 six- to twelve-year-old students exhibited symptoms of depression. Leftkowitz and Tesiny (1985), in a study of 3,020 elementary school students, reported a 5.2 per-cent prevalence, which is consistent with the average lifetime prevalence suggested by Robins et al. (1984). Using the Beck Depression Inventory, Sullivan and Engin (1986) reported that 26 percent of the tenth- and eleventh-grade students in their sample scored within the moderately depressed range, and 6 percent within the severely depressed range. In a classroom of thirty students, a teacher may anticipate that one or two students will exhibit symptoms of depression. The “Who” of Childhood Depression “哪些人”患儿童抑郁症 “哪些人”患儿童抑郁症 Korup (1985)发现，226名6-12岁孩子组成的样本中有10%的人呈现出抑郁症状。Leftkowitz 和Tesiny (1985), 在研究3,020 小学生时发现有5.2%的孩子有抑郁症。这与Robins 等人(1984)报告的平均终生发病率相一致。Sullivan and Engin (1986)等人利用Beck 量表发现26%10-11年级的学生有轻中度抑郁，6%有重度抑郁。在一个30人的教室里，教师可以预期有1-2人会呈现抑郁症状。 The What of Childhood Depression儿童抑郁症有什么表现 The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders (American Psychiatric Association 1979) states that the primary symptom of depression is a dysphoric mood (a loss of interest or pleasure in almost all daily activities). For the diagnosis of depression, a student must exhibit at least four of the following symptoms for a minimum of two weeks: change in appetite or weight, sleep disturbance, psychomotor agitation or retardation, loss of interest in usual activities, loss of energy, feelings of worthlessness or excessive guilt, difficulty concentrating, and thoughts of death or suicide. The “What” o