自然科学基础(全套课件288P).ppt

自然科学基础 第一章 自然的探索Chapter 1 Exploration of the nature 1、近代自然科学诞生阶段的三件大事 Three important events at the naissance stage of modern natural science 2、经典力学中牛顿最重要的成就 Newton’s most important achievement in Classical Mechanics 3、19世纪的三大发现 Three important discoveries in the 19th century 4、20世纪科技的特点 Characteristics of technology in the 20th century 5、自然科学研究的方法 Methods for natural science research 6、观察和实验的意义和作用 Meaning and function of observation and experiment 7、逻辑思维和科学假说 Methods for natural science research 第二章:自然界的物质性 物理性质：（除冥王星） 1.生物资源的特征:再生性,有限性,多效益性 Basic characteristics of biotic resources: Renewable, limited, multi-beneficial 2.森林资源:我国位世界第五 Forest resources of our country rank number five in the world 3.草地资源Lawn resources 4.野生动物资源Wild animal resources 1.矿产资源的特点: (1)在地区分布上不均匀 Regional distribution is inhomogeneous (2)属不可再生资源,数量是有限的 Belongs to non renewable resources, with limited amount (3)具有伴生性 Be associated 2.矿产资源现状 Status in quo of mineral resources 内能的表示：Methods for changing internal energy 做功的大小、热量的交换 Amount of work, and exchange of calory. 对系统做功或对系统传递热量，系统内能增加； Exert work on or transfer calory to a system, the internal energy of this system will be increased. 系统对外做功或向外界传递热量，系统内能减少 When a system exerts work on or transfers calory to the outside world, the internal energy of this system will be decreased. 第六章 生活中的科学技术 Chapter 6 Technology in life 3、生态失衡的后果 The self-regulation ability of the ecological system is of limit 生态失调、环境破坏、威胁人类的生存 Ecological maladjustment, environmental destruction, threatening the existence of human beings 第八章 人类科学技术的进步及其对生活的影响 Progress in human technology and its influence on life 教学目标： 1．掌握生物技术的研究内容 Master the contents of biotechnological research 2．了解生物技术对人类生活的影响 Know the influence of biotechnology on human life 3．了解信息网智能化、综合化、个性化 Know the intelligentized, comprehensive, and individual information net. 4．了解激光的特性和用途 Know the characteristics and application of laser 知识结构： 生物