《磷钨酸镧催化合成乙酸正丙酯的研究》-毕业论文.doc

精品 精品 四川理工学院毕业论文（设计) 磷钨酸镧催化合成乙酸正丙酯的研究 学 生： 学 号： 专 业： 班 级：精细化工 指导教师： 四川理工学院材料与化学工程学院 摘 要 乙酸正丙酯为无色透明液体,具有果香味,天然存在于水果之中，具有广泛的应用领域。 正丙醇和冰醋酸在磷钨酸镧的催化作用下，合成乙酸丙酯，本文考察了催化剂用量、醇酸物质的量比、反应时间及催化剂，反应温度等因素对酯化率的影响。用正交试验对乙酸正丙酯的工艺进行优化，结果表明, 用磷钨酸镧催化合成乙酸正丙酯的最佳条件为：酸醇比为1.6:1，温度为100℃，催化剂的质量为2.5g，反应时间为2.5h。在最佳反应条件下，酯收达率60.02%。 关键词：磷钨酸镧；催化；合成；乙酸丙酯；酯化率 精品 精品 Abstract Propyl acetate is a colorless transparent liquid with fruit flavor, naturally exists in some fruits. Propyl acetate was synthesized with N-propanol alcohol and glacial acetic acid under the catalysis of LaPW12O40. All the technology affect factors of synthesis condition were made a systematic study, every factor was explored including the amount of catalyst, molar ratio of acid, reaction time and catalyst, the reaction temperature. Because of the cross action between all the affect factors, the orthogonal tests were done in order to get the optimum condition of synthesizing Propyl acetate was obtained, the amount of catalyst is2.5g, molar ratio of acid is 1.6:1, reaction time is 2.5h , the reaction temperature is 100℃. Under the optimum condition, the ester yield of 60.02%. Keywords: LaPW12O40, catalysis, synthesis, Propyl acetate, yield 精品 精品 目 录 TOC \o 1-4 \h \u HYPERLINK \l _Toc9569 摘 要 Ι HYPERLINK \l _Toc25139 目 录 Ш HYPERLINK \l _Toc20137 1 绪论 PAGEREF _Toc20137 - 1 - HYPERLINK \l _Toc21940 1.1 课题研究的背景 PAGEREF _Toc21940 - 1 - HYPERLINK \l _Toc31675 1.2 乙酸正丙酯的研究现状 PAGEREF _Toc31675 - 1 - HYPERLINK \l _Toc14046 1.2.1 乙酸正丙酯的结构 PAGEREF _Toc14046 - 1 - HYPERLINK \l _Toc8637 1.2.2 乙酸正丙酯理化性质 PAGEREF _Toc8637 - 1 - HYPERLINK \l _Toc24699 1.2.3 乙酸正丙酯的应用现状 PAGEREF _Toc24699 - 1 - HYPERLINK \l _Toc27041 1.3 乙酸正丙酯的合成技术现状 PAGEREF _Toc27041 - 2 - HYPERLINK \l _Toc29627 1.3.1 浓硫酸催化酯合成工艺 PAGEREF _Toc29627 - 2 - HYPERLINK \l _Toc17339 1.3.2 固体超强酸催化合成酯工艺 PAGEREF _Toc17339 - 3 - HYPERLINK \l _Toc11262 1.3.2.1 固体超强酸在催化合成酯工艺的优点 PAGEREF _Toc11262 - 3 -