《年产550万吨常减压塔蒸馏装置工艺设计》-毕业论文.doc

摘要 原油蒸馏在炼油厂是原油首先要通过的加工装置。一般包括预处理系统（原油电脱盐）、常压分馏系统、减压分馏系统、注剂系统、轻烃回收系统（加工轻质原油且达到经济规模时一般设置轻烃回收系统）等。常压蒸馏就是在常压下对原油进行加热、气化、分馏和冷凝。如此得到各种不同沸点范围的石油馏分。常减压蒸馏是指在常压和减压条件下，根据原油中各组分的沸点不同，把原油“切割”成不同馏分的工艺过程。 设计一套年处理量为550万吨阿曼原油加工装置，由于原料中轻组分不多，所以原油蒸馏装置采用二段汽化，设计常压塔，减压塔。设计中采用水蒸气汽提方式, 并确定汽提水蒸汽用量;由于浮阀塔操作弹性大，本设计采用浮阀塔。 关键词：阿曼原油 常压蒸馏 常压塔 减压塔 Abstract Crude oil distillation in the refinery is processing crude oil through the device first. General, including pre-treatment system (crude oil desalting), atmospheric pressure distillation system, vacuum distillation systems, injection agent systems, light hydrocarbon recovery system (light crude oil processing and to achieve economies of scale normally set when the light hydrocarbon recovery system). Atmospheric distillation of crude oil under atmospheric pressure is heating, gasification, distillation and condensation. So are the various oil distillate boiling range. Atmospheric and vacuum distillation is at atmospheric pressure and vacuum conditions, according to the boiling point of each component of crude oil is different from the crude cut into different fractions of the process. Design a treatment capacity of 5.5 million tons in crude oil processing plant in Aman, as raw materials in the light fraction too much, crude oil distillation unit uses two vaporization, design crude distillation unit, vacuum tower. Design by steam stripping method, and to determine the amount of stripping steam; as float valves and operating flexibility, the design uses float valves. Keywords: Aman oil Atmospheric distillation Atmospheric Tower Vacuum Tower 目 录 TOC \o 1-3 \u 摘要 PAGEREF _Toc13043 I Abstract PAGEREF _Toc9130 II 第一章 总论 PAGEREF _Toc31024 1 1.1 概述 PAGEREF _Toc16658 1 1.1.1 设计基础 PAGEREF _Toc4543 1 1.1.2 设计方案 PAGEREF _Toc25009 3 1.1.3 生产规模 PAGEREF _Toc15132 4 1.1.4 工艺技术路 PAGEREF _Toc25990 4 1.1.5 工艺技术特点 PAGEREF _Toc19194 4 1.2 文献综述 PAGEREF _Toc4732 5 1.2.1 常减压蒸馏技术现状 PAGEREF _Toc8844 5 1.3 设计任务依据 PAGEREF _Toc5127 8 1.4 主要原料 PAGEREF _To