《年产10万吨聚氯乙烯（PVC）工艺设计》-毕业论文.doc

PAGE 摘要 聚氯乙烯（PVC）是世界五大通用树脂之一，其制品具有软硬度易调控、力学性能高、耐腐蚀、电绝缘性好、透明性高等特点，广泛应用于工农业建设和人民的日常生活。聚氯乙烯现已成为日常生活和工业生产中不可缺少的一部分。聚氯乙烯的应用前景是非常广泛的，又因为其低廉的价格和优越的性能，是人们在近十几年到几十年一直追捧的对象。世界聚氯乙烯与我国聚氯乙烯的供需还不平衡，我国聚氯乙烯一直处于供大于求的状态。而且，我国有着丰富的石油冶炼资源和广泛的人才。本设计把厂址选在西安北郊，这里有着良好的销售渠道，便利的交通，丰富的人才市场，良好的原料来源。根据以上分析，建厂各方面条件都满足。 在生产十万吨PVC产品中要采取相关的方法除去氯。淡盐水脱氯工艺中其脱氯方法可分为化学法和物理法。化学法有碳素法、硫化物分解法；物理法有空气吹除法、喷射真空法、机械真空法。目前国内各厂家以机械真空法辅以硫化物分解法较普遍，一般简称为真空脱氯。因为机械真空法具有工艺流程相对较短、设备及仪表少等特点，而且采用机械真空泵形成的真空脱氯系统真空度高、运行稳定、脱氯效果好、动力消耗不大，脱氯后淡盐水含氯在10 rng／L以下，可有效节约化学法除氯所用的亚硫酸钠，且脱出的氯气纯度高达95％以上，可并入氯气总管回收，提高氯气的利用率。 生产PVC淡盐水脱氯工艺方面，应本着因地制宜、节能降耗的原则设计相应的工艺路线．以达到最佳的经济效果。本设计从初步设计的角度对年产10万吨pvc化工厂进行了全面设计，设计结果达到了设计课题的基本要求，完成了pvc的生产工厂的初步设计，进行了可行性论证，完成了物料、热量、设备等的相关计算。 关键词：PVC 淡盐水 脱氯 真空 Abstract  Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is one of the worlds top five general-purpose resins, and its products easy to control with a hardness, high mechanical properties, corrosion resistance, electrical insulation, high transparency, which is widely used in industrial and agricultural development and peoples daily lives . PVC has become the daily life and industrial production an integral part. PVC is a very broad application prospects, but also because of its low price and superior performance, is that people in the last ten years to several decades has been the object of pursuit. World supply and demand for PVC and PVC is also uneven in China, Chinas PVC has been in a state of oversupply. Moreover, China is rich in oil refining resources and a wide range of talent. The design of the site selection in the northern suburb of Xian, where the sales channel has a good, convenient transportation, rich talent market, a good source of raw materials. Based on the above analysis, construction of various conditions are met.  Thousand tons in the production of PVC products related methods should be taken to remove the chlorine. Dechlorinated dilute brine dechlorination process can be divided into its chemical and physical methods. Chemical method are carb