《免棱镜在工测中的应用》-毕业论文.doc

PAGE 摘要 免棱镜全站仪是近年来在测绘工程中最新采用的新型测绘设备，尤其是人力所不及的地方，该设备的作用得以较大地发挥。本文对测量仪器发展史，全站仪的特点，全站仪数据采集和成果输出进行了介绍。主要对免棱镜全站仪在高层或者大型建筑物倾斜观测，高耸圆柱体倾斜测量，地形碎部测量，隧道断面测量和悬高测量中的实践应用进行了阐述，并结合免棱镜全站仪的特点，分析了其主要误差来源。全站仪在保证测量必要的精度的前提下，能够大大地减少劳动的强度，从而提高工作效率。 关键词：免棱镜全站仪 数据处理 实践应用 Abstract Non-Prism Total Station is the latest in recent years in mapping projects using the new mapping equipment, particularly where less than human by the device to a larger role to play. This history of the development of measuring instruments, total station features, Total Station data collection and results output are introduced. Mainly Prism Total Station at the top or large buildings tilt observation, tall cylinder tilt measurement, the Department of broken terrain measurement, the tunnel cross section measurements and REM in the practical application were described, and the combination of Prism Total Station characteristics, and analyzes its main source of error. Total Station in ensuring the accuracy of measurement necessary prerequisite, can greatly reduce the labor intensity, thereby enhancing efficiency. ??? ?Keywords: Totaltation Data Processing Practical Application  目录 TOC \o 1-3 \h \z \u HYPERLINK \l _Toc264399669 第一部分 论文部分 HYPERLINK \l _Toc264399670 第一章 全站仪的发展史 PAGEREF _Toc264399670 \h 1 HYPERLINK \l _Toc264399671 第一节 几种测量仪器的发展动态 PAGEREF _Toc264399671 \h 1 HYPERLINK \l _Toc264399672 第二节 我国测量仪器的发展 PAGEREF _Toc264399672 \h 2 HYPERLINK \l _Toc264399673 第二章 全站仪的特点 PAGEREF _Toc264399673 \h 4 HYPERLINK \l _Toc264399674 第一节 普通全站仪特点 PAGEREF _Toc264399674 \h 4 HYPERLINK \l _Toc264399675 第二节 免棱镜全站仪的特点 PAGEREF _Toc264399675 \h 11 HYPERLINK \l _Toc264399676 第三章 数据转换与坐标系 PAGEREF _Toc264399676 \h 15 HYPERLINK \l _Toc264399677 第一节 坐标系简介 PAGEREF _Toc264399677 \h 15 HYPERLINK \l _Toc264399678 第二节 测图软件综述 PAGEREF _Toc264399678 \h 18 HYPERLINK \l _Toc264399679 第三节 几种全站仪外业数据采集 PAGEREF _Toc264399679 \h 27 HYPERLINK \l _Toc264399680 第四章 免棱镜全站仪的应用 PAGEREF _Toc264399680 \h 34 HYPERLI