围手术期患者心理特点与护理干预方法..doc

手术期患者心理特点与护理干预方法 】随着医学模式的转变，以疾病为中心的护理 正转向以病人为中心。病人在生病或住院时，往往会出现心 理方面的变化，从而对个体产生或多或少的影响。当患者承 受着巨大的压力时，可产生强烈的挫折感和应激状态，甚至 导致个人价值观念的动摇，精神状态的崩溃。通过运用整体 护理，根据个体差异采取相应的护理干预，包括一般心理支 持与指导、行为控制技术、有效的护患沟通方法，可使病人 在围手术期安全地渡过难关，得到最大限度的康复。通过系 统的护理能对同一类疾病的手术总结出规律性，提出问题， 找出护理工作的重点所在。同时心理护理和健康教育贯彻于 访视的始终，大大缓解了患者术前和术后的紧张和焦虑状态 【关键词】手术期心理特护理 【关键词】 手术期心理特护理 Abst ract] Withthetrans itionofmedicalsyst ems,nursingwhichre centreischangingdi gpatientasthecentr ickorinhospital,th psychologicalchangousinfluencesonthe ems,nursingwhichre centreischangingdi gpatientasthecentr ickorinhospital,th psychologicalchang ousinfluencesonthe ss. Whenpatientsare chologicalpressure gardeddiseaseasthe rectionandregardin e.Whenpatientsgets eywilloftenundergo es,thusproducevari individualmoreorle bearingenormouspsy ,theycanproducestr ongsetbacksense,su ausewaveringofpers psingofthestateofmividualdifferenceandingnursinginterv egeneralpsychology supportandguidance chnology,andeffect thods,holisticcare assthroughsafelyth gthesurgeryperioda ndmaximizerecovery willhelpsummarizet surgeryofthesamecl rwardtheproblemsan esofnurserywork. In ologicalcaringandh arriedoutthroughth illgreatlyalleviatrgingstateandevenc ongsetbacksense,su ausewaveringofpers psingofthestateofm ividualdifferencea ndingnursinginterv egeneralpsychology supportandguidance chnology,andeffect thods,holisticcare assthroughsafelyth gthesurgeryperioda ndmaximizerecovery willhelpsummarizet surgeryofthesamecl rwardtheproblemsan esofnurserywork. In ologicalcaringandh arriedoutthroughth illgreatlyalleviat rgingstateandevenc onalvaluesandcolla ind. Accordingtoind ndadoptingcorrespo ention,includingth ,behaviorcontrolte ivecommunicationme ensurespatientstop edifficultiesdurin .Suchnursingsystem heregularityforthe assofdisease,putfo dsortoutthekeyissu themeanwhile,psych ealtheducationarec evisitrules,whichw epatients ’ tenseand anxiousstatebefore andaftersurgery. Keywords ] Perioper ation；psychologica lcharacteristic; nu rsing J手术期是指手术患者从入院，经过术前、术中和术后， 直至基本康复