武汉市郊早稻氮磷钾肥效及推荐用量的研究.docVIP

武汉市郊早稻氮磷钾肥效及推荐用量的研究 　　摘要在湖北省武汉市黄陂区利用“3414”试验设计了早稻氮、磷、钾肥料效应研究,结果表明:施肥具有显著的增产作用,增产幅度为8.0%~42.6%,增产量最大的是N2P2K3处理。氮肥具有显著的增产增收效果,最高增产量达1 326kg/hm2,增加纯收益达1 325.5元/hm2,其次是钾肥和磷肥。通过拟合一元二次肥效模型,结合试验实际情况,确定早稻N、P2O5和K2O的最高产量施用量分别为195、80、220kg/hm2,最佳施肥量分别为153、61、55kg/hm2。 　　关键词早稻;“3414”试验;经济效益;推荐施肥量;湖北武汉 　　中图分类号S511.3+1文献标识码A文章编号 1007-5739(2010)04-0058-03 　　 　　EffectsofNPKFertilizersandRecommendationofOptimalFertilizerRatesforEarly-seasonRiceinWuhanSuburb 　　ZHU De-xiong 1PU Rong-yan 2LI Pei-gen 1LIU Xue-jun 1WANG Jing 2LIU Wei 2LI Xiao-kun 2 * 　　(1 Huangpi Soil and Fertilizer Station of Wuhan City in Hubei Province,Wuhan Hubei 430300; 　　2 Resources and Environment College,Huazhong Agricultural University) 　　AbstractIn this paper,the effect test of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilization on early-season rice was studied by“3414” fertilizer experiment, which was carried out in Huangpi region of Wuhan city in Hubei province. The result indicated that the fertilization increased early-season rice yield by 8.0%~42.6% and the treatment which had the hightest of yield gain was N2P2K3.The yield of early -season rice increased significantly by 1 656kg/hm2,and net income1 326 yuan/hm2 with nitrogen fertilization,and hosphorus and potassium the second. According to fitting fertilizer response equation and the effects of fertilizer application,the recommendation rate of N,P2O5 and K2O gettingthe highest yield was 195kg/hm2,80kg/hm2,220 kg/hm2,and the recommendation rate of N,P2O5 and K2O getting the highest profit was 153kg/hm2,61kg/hm2,55kg/hm2,respectively. 　　Key wordsearly-season rice;“3414”fertilizer experiment;economic efficiency;fertilizer recommendation;Wuhan Hubei 　　 　　湖北省是我国水稻的主产区,水稻一直是湖北省种植面积最大、总产最多的农作物[1]。施肥是提高水稻产量的一个重要手段,是整个稻作栽培体系中不可或缺的环节[2]。为了给水稻生产科学施肥提供指导,促进水稻的增产增收,2008年在武汉市黄陂区设置了早稻“3414”肥料效应试验,分析研究了氮、磷、钾肥对早稻产量和经济效益的影响。并建立肥料效应模型,结合实际生产情况,确定早稻的氮、磷、钾肥施肥量,以期为江汉平原早稻的合理施肥、提高经济效益提供理论依据和技术支撑。 　　1材料与方法 　　1.1试验地概况 　　试验在湖北省武汉市黄陂区进行。供试土壤主要理化性质为:pH值5.32,有机质21.2g/kg,