2007年浙江省高一英语语法汇总名词性从句课件2_人教版_必修3-4.ppt

* 在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫做名词性从句。 名词性从句 主语从句 表语从句 宾语从句 同位语从句 that, whether, if, because as if /as though（不充当从句的任何成分） 连接词 how, why, when, where however, wherever 连接副词 who, whom, whose, which, what, whatever 连接代词 引导名词性从句的关联词 在名词性从句中一律用陈述句的语序，即使从句表达的是疑问含义。 The problem is what he has done to the little boy. 问题是他对那个小男孩做了些什么。 1. 主语从句 在句中作主语的句子叫主语从句。 主语从句通常由从属连词that，whether 和连接代词what, who, which, whatever, whoever以及连接副词how,when,where, why等词引导。 that在从句中无词义，只起连接作用；连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用，在从句中充当成分。 What he wants to tell us is not clear. 他要跟我们说什么，还不清楚。 Who will win the match is still unknown. Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced. That he stole a bike was true. 单个的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 Where and when he was born has not been found. 有时为避免句子头重脚轻，常用it 代替主语从句作形式主语放于句首，而把主语从句置于句末。主句的谓语动词一般用单数形式。常用句型如下： 1）It + be + 名词 + that从句 2）It + be + 形容词 + that从句 3）It + be + 动词的过去分词 + that从句 4）It + 不及物动词 + that 从句 It is known to us how he became a writer. 我们都知道他是如何成为一名作家的。 2. 宾语从句 名词从句用作宾语叫宾语从句。 引导宾语从句的关联词与引导主语从句表语从句的关联词大致一样，在句中可以作动词或介词的宾语。 1.)由连接词that引导的宾语从句 由连接词that引导宾语从句时，that在句中不担任任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去，但有两个以上宾语从句时,第二个分句前的that不可省。 He has told me that he will go to Shanghai tomorrow. He said (that) the text was very important and that we should learn it by heart. 3)用whether或if引导的宾语从句 whether和if均可引导动词后的宾语从句，常可互换。但从句中有or not时或介词后的宾语从句中只能用whether连接。其它名词性从句，如：主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句只用whether. Everything depends on whether we have enough money. I don’t care about whether you have money or not. 4)当主句是I/ We think (suppose, expect, believe, guess, imagine) 时，其后的宾语从句如果是否定形式，常把否定词not从从句中转移到主句中成为否定的转移。 We don’t believe that he will win the game. I don’t think he will do so. doubt用于肯定结构时，后面用whether/ if 引导名词性从句； 用于否定结构或疑问结构时，后面用 that 引导名词性从句。 be sure 用于肯定句或疑问句时，后接 that 引导的名词性从句； 用于否定句时，后接whether/if 引导的名词性从句。 连接代词whoever，whatever，whichever可引导名词性从句，相当于anyone who, anything that等。它们也可以引导让步状语从句，相当于 no matter who/ what/ which。 Whoever breaks the law s