特定用途英语教学中需求分析问题与解决方案.doc

特定用途英语教学中需求分析问题与解决方案 　　摘 要：本文揭示了特定用途英语(ESP)需求分析中的一个亟需关注的问题，即对需求的两极化和相对持久化。本文认为传统的需求分析法并没有获得教学实践中事实证据的支持，因为在实践中需求是完全动态的和可变的。本文提出采用过程分析法，去识别和理解在特定英语教学实践中复杂的和不断变化的目标需求和目前需求。 　　关键词：特定用途英语教学 需求分析 静态分析方法 过程分析法 　　 　　Needs Analysis: Problem and Solutions 　　Chunchun DuanCollege of Tourism Hainan University 　　Abstract:In this essay, I identify a particular problem with needs analysis in ESP, which is a pre-defined, polarised and relatively enduring concept of needs and thus a static approach on the needs analysis. I argue that this kind of needs analysis is not supported by evidence in practice where needs are completely dynamic and changeable. To solve this problem, I suggest a process analysis in order to identify and explain the complicated and continuously changing target needs and present needs in the practice of teaching/learning of English for specific purpose. 　　Key words:English for Specific Purposes needs analysis 　　 　　1.Introduction 　　This essay is regarding the topic of needs analysis in ESP. I identify a particular problem with the needs analysis, that is, a static approach on the definition of needs, and then suggest an alternative process analysis/approach as optimal solutions to the problem. This essay is organised as follows. First, the background of needs analysis in ESP is examined. Then, the problem of a static concept of needs is identified with illustrations. Finally, solutions to the problem and their outline in practice are proposed. 　　2.The Application of Needs Analysis in ESP Teaching 　　Since the 1970s, needs analysis has been introduced into the teaching of English for specific purposes (ESP). This approach was originally used by Michael West in India in the 1920s for the research of why and how learners should learn English. This approach had not been drawn concern until the early 1970s when the work of the Council of Europe and work in ESP used needs analysis to identify the language requirements of the target situation. The Council o