莎士比亚 Fay.ppt

Main Achievemeent Made in Literature during the Reaissance period Humanism is the essence of the Renaissance. 人文主义是文艺复兴的 核心。 The Greek and Roman civilization was based on such a conception that man is the measure of all things. 人文主义作为文艺复兴的起源是因为古希腊罗马文明的基础是以“人”为中心，人是万物之灵。 The first period of the English Renaissance was one of imitation and assimilation. 英国文艺复兴初期只是一个学习模仿与同化的阶段 Thomas More, Christopher Marlowe and William Shakespeare are the best representatives of the English humanists. 托马斯.摩尔，克利斯朵夫.马洛和威廉.莎士比亚是英国 人文主义的代表。 Shakespeares life (1564-1616) Shakespeares literary position In western literary history, only very individual writers have qualified to say: without him, the literature will become another way. Shakespeare is one of the most qualified. The first period of Shakespeare’s dramatic career, he wrote five history plays: Henry VI(Parts I, II, and III), Richard III, and Titus Andronicus; and four comedies: The Comedy of Errors, The Two Gentlemen of Verona, The Taming of the Shrew, and Love’s Labour’s Lost.在他戏剧创作生涯的第一个阶段，他创作了五部历史剧：《亨利六世》，《理查三世》，《泰托斯.安东尼》以及四部喜剧：《错误的戏剧》，《维洛那二绅士》，《驯悍记》和《爱的徒劳》。 In the second period, he wrote five histories:Richard III, King John, Henry IV(Parts I and II), and Henry V; six comedies: A Midsummer Night’s Dream, The Merchant of Venice, Much Ado About Nothing, As You Like It, Twelfth Night, and The Merry Wives of Windsor; and two tragedies: Romeo and Juliet and Julius Caesar.在第二阶段，他写了五部历史剧：《理查三世》，《约翰王》，《亨利四世》，《亨利五世》以及六部喜剧《仲夏夜之梦》，《威尼斯商人》，《无事生非》，《皆大欢喜》，《第十二夜》，《温莎的风流娘儿们》，还有两部悲剧：《罗密欧与朱丽叶》和《裘利斯.凯撒》。 Shakespeare’s third period includes his greatest tragedies and his so-called dark comedies. The tragedies of this period are Hamlet, Othello, King Lear, Macbeth, Antony and Cleopatra, Troilus and Cressida, and Coriolanus. The two comedies are All’s Well That Ends and Measure for Measure.第三阶段诞生了莎翁最伟大的悲剧和他自称的黑色喜剧（或悲喜剧），悲剧有：《哈姆雷特》，《奥赛罗》，《李尔王》《麦克白》《安东尼与克利奥佩特拉》《特罗伊勒斯与克利西达》及《克里奥拉那斯》。两部喜剧是《终成眷属》和《一报还一报》。