化学物品中毒现场急救.ppt

Acute toxicity Capital university of medical science Xuan wu hospital Emergency Department Contents Background General introduction Acute Organophosphate poisoning Acute carbon monoxide poisoning Acute sedatives-hypnotics poisoning Alcohol Intoxication /Withdrawal Background There are about 9000000 kinds of chemicla People have many opportunity to touch with poison Background There are 1751476 poisoning pt’s in USA in 1993 Poison control center(PCC) is established in Chicago 1953。 Major duty: component of poison; 4.information Dangerous 5. toxicology first aid 6. general knowledge of preservation Background Countryside city。 Countryside----pesticide intoxication。 City---food-poisoning, carbon monoxide poisoning ,Hypnotic intoxication。 Establish PCC in Beijing,Shanghai ,Shenyang What is poison? A poison is anything someone eats ( ingestion), breathes (inhalation) , gets in the eyes (ocular exposure), or on the skin (dermal exposure) ,that can cause sickness or death if it gets into body or on the body. Poison can be found in four forms: solid, liquid, spray and gas. General introduction toxic substance : drug ,chemical , bad food and so on. Acute poisoning：short time， large dose Chronic poisoning ：long time、 small dose Etiopathogenisis and pathogenesy Cause of a poisoning Occupational poisoning Life poisoning Accidental poisoning , Suicidal Abuse ，addication , homicdal Pathogenesy--Absorption By mouth; inhalation （Powder dust、smoke、steam）, skin mucosa, muscle or intravenous injection Rectum 、 urinary canal、female sheath vagina、bladder、peritoneum、eye Insect stings or bite Pathogenesis -- metabolism spread all over body by blood liver metabolism Pathogenesis --- Eliminate breathe out by respiratory tract（gas，volatile matter） Discharge by kidney Discharge by alimentary tract Skin Milk 1.Local effect 2.Hypoxia Inhibition respiratory function： Change blood constituent Inhibition