国际森林土壤研讨会课件Anderson - Fores Soils Symposium.pptx

Impacts of climate change on forest soil fungi?Ian AndersonValue of forestry and forest products ~ $18Mca. 2 million ha.Reduce strain on native forests (ca. 160 million ha.)Increase timber production sustainable wood productsPlantation forestry in AustraliaClimate Change – Predictions for AustraliaHigher temperatureexpanded growing seasonShift in species rangesReduced rainfallIncreased mortalityShift in plantation species choiceAtmospheric CO2Fertilisation constrained by poor soil nutrient status water availability Plantation forestry – climate effectsEctomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi are tapped directly into the roots of forest treesReceive 20 - 30% of the carbon fixed by trees via photosynthesis Comprise ~30% of forest soil microbial biomassKey role in soil C sequestration??Mycorrhizal fungi climate changeEctomycorrhizal myceliumEctomycorrhizal myceliumEctomycorrhizal myceliumSignificant differencesbetween ECM speciesBiomassRespiration ExudationFransson et al., (2007) FEMS Microbiology Ecology Increased C supply - growth and N uptakeHeinonsalo et al. (2004) Plant Soil 259: 111-121.C flow to ECM myceliumEffects on community structureNo change to species richnessAltered relative abundance (e.g. Fransson et al., 2001 Parrent et al., 2006)Biomass changesSignificant changes in pure culture and symbiotic microcosms (e.g. Fransson et al. 2007a, b)No increase in the field (e.g. Parrent et al., 2007)Southern hemisphere?Elevated CO2 ECM fungiWhat is the response of soil fungi to climate change factors?What role do soil fungi have in increasing below-ground C sequestration?Overall research focusWhat are the effects of elevated CO2 and drought on soil fungal communities?(i) Chamber (ii) Glasshouse experiments12 temp controlled chambersEucalyptus saligna CO2 levelsambient (380 ppm)elevated (640 ppm)Watering regimes wet (+30%)dry (-30%)extended drought periodCurlevski et al., (2014) Soil Biology Biochemistry I. Whole Tree Chamber ExperimentDRYWET Chambersambient atmospher