毕业设计论文-无缝道岔养护维修中存在的问题及对策.doc

摘要 从无缝线路的定义与铺设无缝线路的意义出发, 介绍了无缝线路养护和维修的主要规定、基本要求、原则及要点；对无缝线路工作中存在的问题进行分析，找出了发生无缝线路胀轨的主要原因，并针对实际情况，就如何落实标准化，加强无缝线路管理，保证无缝线路设备安全提出了相应的对策；且在总结经验的基础上,从胀轨跑道发生的原因、预兆、预防、处理上作了全面论述,有利于无缝线路的养护维修和运营安全；铁路工务事故从钢轨裂纹、折断，夹板裂纹、折断，辙叉的伤损及无缝线路钢轨折断四方面分析了“三折”事故发生的原因，并从接头的养护及钢轨的养护维修方面介绍了防止“三折”事故的措施，以避免这一现象的发生；无缝道岔是无缝线路的薄弱环节，无缝道岔养护维修中发现直尖轨拉成旁弯，尖轨中部轨距减小，直基本股钢轨有较大的附加温度应力，道岔前后钢轨锁定轨温失控，岔前与限位器间实际锁定轨温严重超限等问题；通过实际情况提出通过改进无缝道岔结构方式，及无缝道岔单元管理方式解决道岔存在的问题；曲线是线路上的薄弱环节之一，根据曲线的主要病害对曲线适当做一些养护措施，提高线路质量，保证行车安全；工务设备是铁路运输的基础，经常了解工务设备的变化状态，对于正确组织线路维修及大中修工作，以及充分发挥设备的潜力都有重大意义。 关键词：无缝线路 养护维修 胀轨跑道 轨温 三折 折断 无缝道岔 附加问题应力 直尖轨 工务设备 Abstract From the definition of CWR CWR and the significance of the laying of the starting,Introduced CWR conservation and maintenance of the main provisions of the basic requirements, principles and key points;CWR work on problems in the analysis of,CWR to identify the occurrence of the main reasons for rail expansion,And for the actual situation, on how to implement standardization, strengthening CWR management, Safety equipment to ensure a seamless line the corresponding countermeasures; In summing up the experience and on the basis of the track from the runway expansion causes omen, prevention, treatment made a full exposition in favor of CWR conservation maintenance and operating safety; Railway accidents from the public works rail crack, break, crack splint, broken frog CWR of failures and broken rails analysis of four Three Folding the cause of the accident, And from the joints of the conservation and maintenance of rail has been introduced to prevent the Three Folding incident, in order to avoid the occurrence of this phenomenon; Seamless switch is the weak link in CWR, seamless switch maintenance track found a sharp pull straight into the side bending, the central rail gauge sharp decrease, the basic unit straight rail more additional thermal stress, before and after the rail switch lock track temperature out of control, the bifurcation between the former and limi