英语口语技巧-小组演讲.doc

Chapter 2 Group Speech 1. Group Speech Introduction Decision-making group speeches are everywhere, and you will almost certainly have opportunities to participate in them. Your skill in doing so can make a significant contribution to your group’s success and to your own as well. A decision-making group is any collection of three to eleven individuals who share a common problem or goal and interact with each other and are mutually dependent. People join groups because groups collectively provide more resources than individuals and tend to be better at controlling error. Participation in groups means giving your best effort, behaving rationally, playing fair, and participating fully. These things are essential to a group. They imply that you must learn to be flexible and democratic, that you value group processes over individual enterprise, and that you plan carefully. Leadership is an individual’s ability to assess a communication situation and provide the ideas and information needed by the group. Decision-making groups need leadership in identifying and understanding problems and solutions. An effective leader knows when to focus on task concerns, when to focus on relationships issues, and when to focus on procedures. The three most common problems that decision-making groups have to face: membership dissatisfaction, interpersonal conflict, and a phenomenon called groupthink. These problems call for effective leadership. When tension levels are too high, talk about the sources of the tension. When they are too low, talk about procedures. When they are just right, stay with an agenda that contributes to effective decision-making. As a leader 1. Today we gather together here to have a discussion on one problem. 2. Since no one opposed, we’ll proceed to the next item of business. 3. Hearing no objections, I suggest we continue. 4. Does anyone have further information on this point? 5. Could you explain a bit more in detail? 6. Would you perhaps offer some concret