(adj知觉的).ppt

Human computer interaction User interface is the system to the user Three principles of user-centered design Three metaphors of human-computer interaction How visibility and affordance affect usability Eight golden rules of dialog design Define the overall system structure as a menu hierarchy Write user-computer interaction scenarios as dialogs Create storyboards to show the sequence of forms used in a dialog Use UML diagrams to document dialog designs Design windows forms that are used to implement a dialog List the additional design considerations for direct customer interaction at a web site User interface is the system to the userto design user interface is to design the system The user interface Physical aspects of the user interface Devices Reference manuals Printed documents Data entry forms Perceptual (adj.知觉的) aspects of the user interface Including everything the user sees, hears, or touches E.g. instructions that tell the user what to do or how to do, sounds that ensure the user a success or alert the user a failure, etc. Conceptual aspects of the user interface Including everything the user knows about using the system What the system does, how it can be used to complete tasks User-Centered Design Focus early on the users and their work Evaluate design to ensure usability Use iterative development Human-Computer interaction as a field of study Human factors engineering (ergonomics n.人类工程学, 生物工程学,工效学) An famous example: the design of the cockpit of a plane, a switch of the location of the throttle and the release handle for the ejection seat leads to a dramatic increase in the number of unexplained pilot ejections. HCI important contribution made by Xerox Xerox Palo Alto Research Center established Object-oriented programming language: smalltalk Graphical user interface personal computer in the late 1970s, great impact on Apple Macintosh Metaphors for HCI The Direct manipulation metaphor Assumes the user interacts with objects on the screen ins