文体学Introduction to stylistics.ppt

STYLISTICS General Introduction What is Stylistics? (relative definitions) The History of the Study of Style The Concern of Stylistic Study Stylistics and Other Spheres of study The Need for Stylistic Study What is stylistics? Definition of STYLISTICS Modern Stylistics Definitions of relative notions Definition of STYLISTICS  Simply defined, STYLISTICS is a discipline that studies the ways in which language is used;  it is a discipline that studies the style of language in use. MODERN STYLISTICS: a discipline that applies concepts and techniques of modern linguistics to the study of styles of language use. It has two subdivisions: GENERAL STYLISTICS and LITERARY STYLISTICS. LITERARY STYLISTICS concentrates solely on unique features of various literary works. GENERAL STYLISTICS concentrates on the general features of various types of language use. General stylistics studies the stylistic features of the main varieties of language,  the functional varieties from dimension of fields of discourse (different social activities), formal vs. informal varieties from the dimension of tenors of discourse (different addresser – addressee relationship),  the spoken vs. written varieties from the dimension of modes of discourse (different mediums). Definitions of Relative Notions language; speech act; speech events; text; code; language varieties; functions of language; style LANGUAGE (A LANGUAGE):  (the philosophical view) is related to the actual occurrence of language in society --- what are called language activities. SPEECH ACT: All utterances (whether a word, a sentence, or several sentences) can be thought of as goal –directed actions. Such actions as carried out through language are speech acts. SPEECH EVENTS: Social activities in which language (either spoken or written) plays an important role such as conversation,