国外心理学史2课件6.ppt

A History of Psychology Chapter 6: Functionalism: Antecedents Influences I. The Functionalist Protest A. concern: What do the mind do? B. First uniquely American system of psychology C. against Wundts and Titcheners systems E. Application of psychology: how people function in and adapt to different environment II. Forerunners of Functionalism A. Darwin: On the Origin of species (1859) B. Fechner: Elements of psychophysics (1860) C. Galton: individual differences (1869) D. Wundt: Principles of physiological Psychology (1873-1874) E. Animal psychology experiments (1880s) III. The Evolution Revolution: Charles Darwin(1809-1882) A. his life As a boy, he showed little indication of becoming a scientist. Studied in Cambridge University; but he spent time drinking, singing, or playing cards III. The Evolution Revolution: Charles Darwin(1809-1882) B. His works 1. Until a trip to observe a variety of plant and animal life, he spent his time developing a theory of evolution 2. 1859: On the Origin of species a. data to support the idea of evolution b. variation among members of a species natural selection e. failure to adapt results in failure to survive…. III. The Evolution Revolution: Charles Darwin(1809-1882) C. Darwins influence on psychology 1. Intriguing the possibility of continuity in mental functioning between humans and lower animals. 2. Psychologists realized that the study of animal behavior was vital to our understanding of human behavior III. The Evolution Revolution: Charles Darwin(1809-1882) C. Darwins influence on psychology 3. evolutionary theory changed: Psychology’s subject matter: from elements to functions of consciousness Psychology’s goal: how humans and animals functioned in adapting to the environment. III. The Evolution Revolution: Charles Darwin(1809-1882) C. Darwins influence on psychology 4. Broadening the methods in psychology 5. increased focus on individual differences and measuring those differences IV