心身疾病 第九章讲(循环).pptx

第九章 循环系统的心身疾病Cardiovascular Psychophysiology;Electrocardiography;EKG导联;The EKG waveform;系统化心电图波形The Schematized EKG waveform;Heart rate or heart period?心率和心脏周期？;Heart rate vs. heart period;HP is recommended. See Berntson et al. (1995) （doge）;Auscultatory method (BP cuff) 听诊法;Orienting Defense Reflex;Defense reflex;SC HR to OR DR;OR habituation as function of age to auditory stimuli;Sensory intake environmental rejection;Lacey OR/DR;HR and Affective Pictures;Orienting, Attention, and Defense;OR as a predictor of desisting adult criminal behavior;Paul Obrist;Obrist – cardiac somatic coupling;Brehm’s theory of motivation;Potential motivation determines effort that person would be willing to expend to succeed on task Actual motivation effort person will actually expend Actual motivation = potential motivation + perceived task difficulty Example: Student A takes class for graduate school; B takes it because fits schedule ;Wright (1984);Wright, Murray, Storey, Williams (1997); Fowles et al. (1982, 1983, 1988) HR related directly to incentives provided for success HR thought to reflect BAS;Cardiovascular responses and specific emotions;Directed Facial Action Task;Levenson et al. (1991) – young (20s) vs. old (71-83) participants in DFA;Levenson et al. (1992);Type A, hostility cardiovascular reactivity;Type A continued;Powch Houston (1996);Kagan, Reznick, Snidman (1988);2018/4/7;第一节冠心病;2018/4/7;2018/4/7;2018/4/7;2018/4/7;2018/4/7;2018/4/7;冠心病流行病学;2018/4/7;一.心理社会病因; 2．A型行为;争强好胜好争执，敏感而缺乏耐心，雄心勃勃，积极工作，而又急躁易怒 具有时间紧迫感(time-urgency)和竞争敌对倾向(competition and hostility) ;西方协作组研究计划(WCGSP);我国学者;Hostility/irritability component positively related to release of catecholamines, including dopamine (Svebak et al., 1992);因素1，参与-投入行为者----对自己的情绪和行为采取积极的态度，适当地表达，在应激状态下能够较多地使用针对问题； 因素2，应对刻意追求者----在处理自己情绪时常有不适感。情绪的表达常倾向于通过躯体症状表达，提出该因素与冠心病有密切的关系。 结果：A型行为问卷调查表测量，CH(competition and hostility)分量表的得分比较高，即A???行为与冠心病关系最为密切的不是争强好胜、时间紧迫感，而是对人抱有敌视的态度和竞争敌对倾向。; 3．社会环境因素; 4．其他行为因素;二、生物学机制;胆固醇过高：（