商学导论PPT01.ppt

Introduction to Business Jeff Madura Learning Goals Explain the goal of a business. Identify the resources a business uses to produce a product or service. Identify the key stakeholders that are involved in a business. Describe the business environment to which a firm is exposed. Describe the key types of business decisions. Key Terms accounting 会计 capital 本金；资本 creditor 债权人，贷方 demographics 人口统计学 dividend 红利；股息；奖金 electronic business 电子商务 entrepreneur 企业家 entrepreneurship 企业家精神 finance 财务 Key Terms human resources 人力资源 information system 信息系统 information technology 信息技术 management 管理 manager 管理者 marketing 市场营销 natural resources 自然资源 nonprofit organization 非盈利组织 Key Terms stakeholder 利益相关者 stock 股份，股票 stockholder 股票持有人 The Goal of a Business To make profits by providing products or services desired by customers. Where the Profits Come From A business receives revenue when it sells products or services. It incurs expenses from paying employees and purchasing machinery or facilities. The difference between the revenues and expenses is the profit (or earnings). Profits Depend on Three Conditions There needs to be a demand for the products or services you offer. You need to attract customers to choose you instead of your competitors. You need to keep your expenses low. How the Government Influences the Profit Motive Governments of free-market economies allow private ownership of businesses, because these businesses serve customers and create job opportunities. In some other countries, businesses are typically owned by the governments and are not profit oriented. Nonprofit Businesses A nonprofit organization is an organization that serves a specific cause and is not oriented to make profits. In the U.S., a nonprofit organization is not taxed as long as it meets specific requirements. Although not oriented to make profits, it is still run like a business to accumulate enough funding to serve the community. Resources Used to Produce Products or Services Natural