语言学期末复习资料十.ppt

Chapter 10 Language acquisition Why do we call it language acquisition? Learning Intentional process Presupposes teaching Teacher controls pace Acquisition Unconscious process Does not presuppose teaching Child controls pace Language acquisition----refers to the child’s acquisition of his mother tongue, i.e. how the child comes to understand and speak the language of his community. CONTENTS: child language acquisition theories the Critical Period Hypothesis learning environment the stages of language learning Theories of child language acquisition A behaviorist view of language acquisition (Skinners)行为主义语言习得理论 An innatist view of language acquisition (Chomsky)先天论理论 （天赋说） An interactionist view of language acquisition语言习得的互动观 Cognitive factors in child language development A behaviorist view of language acquisition Traditional behaviorists view language as behavior and believe that language learning is simply a matter of imitation and habit formation. Imitation ? Recognition ? Reinforcement The inadequacy of behaviorist view lies in explaining how children acquire complex language system. (See examples in P144) An innatist view of language acquisition According to the innatist view of language acquisition, human beings are biologically programmed for language and that the language develops in the child just as other biological functions such as walking. Noam Chomsky Main interests Linguistics PsychologyPhilosophy of languagePhilosophy of mindPolitics?· Ethics LAD: language acquisition device 语言习得机制 The Language Acquisition Device (LAD) is a postulated “organ” of the brain that is supposed to function as a congenital device for language acquisition. Universal grammar is a theory of linguistics postulating principles of grammar shared by all languages, thought to be innate to humans. It attempts to explain language acquisition in general, not describe specific languages. Universal grammar proposes a set of rules intended to explain language acqui