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[文学研究]集合种群生态学结构动态与保育
Co-existing species Melitaea phoebe 大网蛱蝶 Euphydryas aurinia 金堇蛱蝶 Melitaea didymoides 斑网蛱蝶 Melitaea protomedia 罗网蛱蝶 Melitaea romanovi 网蛱蝶 Life Systems approach DALP Method used to analyze the metapopulation structure of the two species AMOVA结果 （analysis of molecular variation） For the 2 species, genetic variation occurs mostly from individuals within the local populations（93% and 98%）. That is, individuals can migrate between local populations. Genetic variation occurs between E. aurinia local populations（P0.0001），but not for M. phoebe（P=0.21004）。 This result is related to migration capacity of the 2 species. M. phoebe should be a source-sink type of metapopulation。 Proof 1：Patch number 20、21and 22 were the only 3 local populations that did not went extinct in the 3 years, and the number of individuals of the 3 patches comprise 57-73% of the total. Proof 2：AMOVA analysis indicate，no genetic differentiation between these 3 patches. E. Aurinia is a classical metapopulation Suitable habitats for E. aurinia were structured into discrete patches, supporting local breeding populations where genetic differentiation among local populations occurred； No single population was large enough to ensure long-term survival； Patches were not too isolated to prevent recolonization. ； Local population dynamics were sufficiently asynchronous. E. aurinia Captured 989 957 (976)within patch 96.8% (98.7%) M. phoebe Captured 298 182 (257) within patch 61.1% (86.2%) Distance moved E. aurinia 0 ~ 1050 m Average 152.8 m Female 128.4 m Male 162.1 m (P=0.001） M. phoebe 1.4~1300 m Average 283.5 m Female 220.6 m Male 310.2 m （P=0.318） Table 1. Parameters to describe the mobility of E. aurinia and M. phoebe. Table.2 Intra- and inter-patch movement per recapture for E. aurinia Mobility Population estimation E. Aurinia max 2000， Normally, 600~1000 M. Phoebe 1000， Normally, 500 2. 集合种群的类型： 经典（classical
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