轿跑类汽车外形设计与新能源应用邓龙江2.doc

摘 要 此论文主要探讨的是两个大方向的问题，其一是汽车的造型设计，其二是与汽车相关的新能源的应用。当然与这两个大方向迎面而来的思考便这样向各个方面不断延伸。在外形设计方面：自德国人卡尔·本茨1886年1月发明世界上第一辆汽车以来，直到20世纪前半期，汽车设计师们才开始着手汽车外形的改造，引进了空气动力学、流体力学、人体工程学以及工业造型设计等概念。经历了马车型汽车——箱型汽车——甲壳虫型汽车——船型汽车——楔型汽车六个阶段，才逐步形成了现在广泛流行的汽车外形。现在我们主要的是仿生学与汽车外形的之间的重要关系、应用等等一系列的问题。这些问题涉及到仿生学的含义、背景、发展、应用等。另一方向便是与汽车能源相关的问题。这个问题堪称世界的问题。整个世界的能源（这里主要指的是石油）消耗在汽车上的比例非常大，而且我们的时代面临着的能源危机，这个问题也相当的重要，在汽车设计的时候必须考虑进去。所以在此，将混合动力与电能作为新能源在汽车上应用视为目标。 关键词：造型设计；新能源应用；仿生学 Abstract This paper focuses on the general direction of the two problems, one is the design of the car, the second is the application of new energy automotive-related. Of course, with both the general direction of the oncoming thinking will continue to extend to all aspects of this. In terms of exterior design: ? from German Karl Benz in January 1886 invented the worlds first car since the car until the first half of the 20th century, automobile designers have only begun to transform the shape of the car, the introduction of aerodynamics, fluid mechanics, ergonomics and industrial design concepts. Experienced horse model car - Box Car - Beetle cars - ship car - the wedge-shaped car six stages, before gradually formed a now widely popular car appearance. Now our main problem is a series of important relationships between the shape of bionics and automotive applications, and so on. These issues relate to the meaning of bionics, background, development, and applications. Another direction is energy-related issues with the car. This problem called the worlds problems. The entire worlds energy (here mainly refers to oil) consumed in very large proportion of the car, but our time is facing energy crisis, this problem is very important, when the car design must be taken into account. So this will be hybrid and electric energy as a new energy automotive applications considered on target. Keywords: design; new energy applications; bionics 目 录 引 言 1 1 汽车设计 2 1.1 汽车设计的背景 2 1.2 汽车设计的影响因素 2 1.3 汽车设计当今现状 3 2 新能源 4 2.1 新能源的应用背景 4 2.2