酒精分类、标准及用途.doc

酒精分类、标准及用途 Ethanol classification, standard and 酒精广泛应用于食品、化学、医药、染料等行业，酒精又是十分重要的清洁能源。通常，酒精按含杂质多少分为：无水酒精、食用酒精、工业酒精。 Ethanol widely applies to many industries such as food, chemistry, medicine, dye and etc. In general, ethanol is divided to anhydrous ethanol, edible ethanol and industrial ethanol according to its impurity content. 一、无水酒精Anhydrous ethanol 无水酒精产品质量执行中华人民共和国国家标准GB/T678-2002《化学试剂－无水乙醇标准》。 The product quantity of anhydrous ethanol execute the state criteria of the Peoples Republic of China GB/T678-2002 Chemical Reagent- anhydrous ethanol standard 名称 Name 优级纯 Guarantee reagent 分析纯 Analytically pure 化学纯 Chemical pure 乙醇的质量分数 Mass fraction of ethanol（CH3CH2OH）/% ≥99.8 ≥99.7 ≥99.5 密度 Density（20）/(g/mL) 0.789~0.791 0.789~0.791 0.789~0.791 与水混合试验 Test mix with water 合格 Qualified 合格 Qualified 合格 Qualified 蒸发残渣的质量分数 Mass fraction of evaporation residue /% ≤0.0005 ≤0.001 ≤0.001 酸度 (以H+计) Acidity (by H+)/(mmol/100g) ≤0.02 ≤0.04 ≤0.1 碱度 (以OH- 计) Alkalinity (by OH-)/(mmol/100g) ≤0.005 ≤0.01 ≤0.03 水分的质量分数 Mass fraction of water/% ≤0.2 ≤0.3 ≤0.5 甲醇（CH3OH）的质量分数 Mass fraction of methanol（CH3OH）/% ≤0.02 ≤0.05 ≤0.2 异丙醇[（CH3）2CHOH]的质量分数 Mass fraction of isopropanol[（CH3）2CHOH]/% ≤0.003 ≤0.01 ≤0.05 羰基化合物（以CO计）的质量分数 Mass fraction of carbonyl compound (by CO)/% ≤0.003 ≤0.003 ≤0.005 易炭化物质 Readily carbonizable substance 合格 Qualified 合格 Qualified 合格 Qualified 铁（Fe）的质量分数 Mass fraction of ferrum (Fe)/% ≤0.00001 — — 锌（Ze）的质量分数 Mass fraction of zinc/% ≤0.00001 — — 还原高锰酸钾物质（以O计）的质量分数/% Mass fraction of reducing potassium permanganate substance (by O) /% ≤0.00025 ≤0.00025 ≤0.0006 用途：化学试剂、化学原料、防腐剂、消毒、燃料、有机溶剂等。 Application: chemical reagent, chemical material, preservative, disinfection, fuel, organic solvent and etc. 二、食用酒精dible ethanol 食用酒精产品质量执行中华人民共和国国家标准GB10343-2002适用于谷物、薯类、糖密为原料，经发酵、蒸馏而制成的含水酒精，为食品工业专用的食用酒精。The product quantity of edible ethanol executes the state criteria of the Peoples Republic of China GB10343-2002, which applies to the aqueous ethanol