翻译技巧7 拆译与合译.ppt

Dividing and Combining 翻译英语句子时，有时我们可以把原文的句子结构整个保存下来或稍微加以改动即可；但在不少情况下则必须将原句结构作较大改变。拆译法和合译法是改变原文句子结构的两种重要方法。所谓拆译法是指把原文的一个简单句译成一个复合句，或把一个句子译成多个句子；所谓合译法是指把原文一个复合句译成一个简单句，或是把多个句子译成一个句子。 Word → Clause e.g. Chairman Mao might have spoken with understandable pride of his policy of “self-reliance”. (a.) — 毛主席在谈到他的“自力更生”方针时也许会感到自豪，这是可以理解的。 e.g. That guy was the most identifiable fox. (a.) — 一眼就能看出，那家伙是头老狐狸。 e.g. A movie of him leaving the foxhole would look like a shell leaving the rifle. (n.) — 他离开掩体的动作要是拍成电影的话，会象出膛的子弹。 Phrase → Clause e.g. Their power increased with their number. — 他们人数增加了，实力也随之增强。 e.g. Another Gulf War in the region would clearly make the international situation even tenser. — 如果海湾地区再次发生战争，势必使国际局势更加紧张。 e.g. He had made several attempts to help them escape without success. — 他试过几次要帮他们逃出去，但都没有成功。 e.g. As a universally accepted law, energy can neither be created nor be destroyed. — 能量既不能被创造也不能被毁灭，这是一条公认的规律。 Complex Sentence → Simple Sentences e.g. The cook turned pale with fear, and immediately asked the housemaid to shut the door, who asked Brittle, who asked the tinker, who pretended no to hear. — 厨子的脸都吓白了，赶紧叫女仆去把门关上，女仆叫布立特尔去，布立特尔叫补锅匠去，补锅匠却装作没有听见。 e.g. They remarked now he took a different seat from that which he usually occupied when he chose to attend divine worship. — 往常做礼拜时，他总是坐在固定的座位上，可是那天他们发现他换了个座位。 Sentences → A Sentence e.g. She was born in a very small town. The town is in the north of China near the sea. — 她出生在中国北方一个沿海的小镇。 ? Complex Sentence → Simple Sentence e.g. When we praise her, we are not merely being polite. — 我们对她的赞扬不仅仅是出于礼貌。 Dividing e.g. In the spirit of frankness which I hope will characterize our talks this week, let us recognize at the outset these points: we have at times in the past been enemies. We have great differences today. What brings us together is that we have common interests which transcend these differences. — 我希望我们在本周的会谈将会是坦率的。让我们本着这种坦率的精神从一开始就承认这样几点：过去的某些时期内我们曾是敌人。今天我们仍有着巨大