摘要阅读-中国考古.doc

世界考古学大会中间会议： 东亚及东南亚地区的遗产管理 WAC Inter-Congress: Heritage Management in East and South East Asia 联合举办： 中国社会科学院考古研究所 英国纽卡斯尔大学文化与遗产国际研究中心 会议主题: Themes： Development pressures on heritage sites and landscapes World Heritage nomination and management planning Managing the multiple use of, and pressures on, heritage sites Local community participation, interpretation, and education Training in, and academic position of, Cultural Heritage Management 会议发言摘要： Abstracts 1. Arlene K. Fleming Cultural Heritage Management: An Integral Aspect of Development Infrastructure development is often seen as a threat to cultural heritage. However, such development provides a valuable opportunity to discover, identify, document, conserve and manage heritage resources. The process of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA), now established throughout the world, recognizes the necessity for, and provides the vehicle to identify and manage cultural heritage resources in a timely and constructive manner as part of infrastructure development. The EIA process calls for consultation with local communities affected by development projects as well as with academic and other stakeholders. National governments, international financial institutions, many commercial lenders, and even some private corporations now require that cultural heritage be respected in the development process by inclusion in EIA and in the environmental management plans that result from project-specific EIAs. Moreover, the inclusion of cultural heritage in requirements for Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) provides opportunities for participation by heritage proponents in broader and longer range planning. Since the inception of EIA, in the early 1970s, cultural heritage has been recognized as one of its three basic components, along with biophysical and social factors, although it is by far the weakest. The World Bank, among international finance institutions, has taken the lead in providing a policy buttressed