不定式与现在分词作宾语补足语的用法浅析.doc

不定式与现在分词作宾语补足语的用法浅析 一、不定式和其短语做宾语补足语 不定式和其短语做宾语补足语，主要强调动作的全过程或一次性的动作。 例如： 　a. I asked him to come here. 　b. Did you see anyone come into the room? 　c. I think him to be a good teacher. 　d. Please tell her to wait for me at the school gate. 能用不定式或不定式短语作宾语补足语动词两种情况，一种是接带to不定式作宾语补足语的动词，一种是接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语的动词。 1．常见的接带to的定式作宾语补足语的动词：tell, ask, want, teach, allow, drive, expect, invite, love, hate, like, prefer, would like等。其否定形式在不定式前加not。 例如： 　　　a. My mother often tells me to study hard at school. b. Mr. Zhang asked us not to play too many computer games at home. c. I want you to teach me how to use a computer. 2．常见的接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语的动词主要是一些表示感觉的动词和表示“使”、“让”的动词，表示事情全过程或一次性动作。它们主要有： 　　　一感：fell 　　　二听：hear, listen to 　　　三让：let, make, have 　　　四看：see, watch, notice, observe 　　　半帮助: help help sb. to do / do sth. 例如：a. Did you hear me sing a song last night? b. I saw him come into the room yesterday. c. Please let me help you clean / to clean the windows. d. Oh, please don’t make the baby cry again. 注意：含不带to的不定式作宾语补足语的句子变成被动语态时，要把to加上，即不可省掉to，例如： 　　　a. I heard her sing yesterday. —— She was heard to sing yesterday by me. b. He made me laugh. —— I was made to laugh by him. 二、现在分词或现在分词短语作宾语补足语 　　现在分词或现在分词短语作宾语补足语，表示宾语补足语是一个正在进行和发生的动作，具有一定的描述性。例如： a. Did you hear me singing an English song at this time last night? b. I saw him watching TV when I came back from school yesterday. c. When Edison’s father came into the room, he saw Edison sitting on some eggs. d. Who makes the baby crying? 习题精选 1. I saw her _______ when I came into the classroom. A. cry B. to cry C. crying D. cries 2. The teacher told Xiao Ming late for school again. A. not to be B. not be C. don’t be D. not to 3. The children are often asked loudly in the library. They must keep quiet. A. to speak B. not speak C. don’t speak D. not to speak 4. Miss Gao asked Lin Tao to the blackboard.