有机柱撑蒙脱石的研究与进展.doc

存档日期： 存档编号: 北京化工大学 研究生课程论文 课程名称：＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 课程代号：＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 任课教师：＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 完成日期：＿＿＿ ＿年＿＿＿月＿＿＿日 专 业：＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 学 号：＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 姓 名：＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 成 绩：＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 有机柱撑蒙脱石的研究与进展 摘 要 粘土矿物的柱撑反应是制备孔材料、有机——无机纳米复合层状材料的有效方法之一。蒙脱石由于其典型的2:l型层状结构和大的层间可交换阳离子容量(CEC)令其在粘土柱撑实验研究中占到了主导地位。蒙脱石有机柱撑反应对于探测蒙脱石内部微结构特征、了解柱撑产物体系中有机物与矿物的作用机制和有机物在层间域内的性质、构型研究都具有重要意义。蒙脱石有机柱撑产物不仅具有粘土矿物特有的吸附性、分散性、流变性、多孔性和表面酸性,还具有有机化合物的多变功能基团和反应活性,作为新型矿物材料,在催化剂、功能载体、吸附剂、填料和纳米复合层状材料等方面均具有广阔的应用前景，有机柱撑离子的选择目前最多的是具有一定链长的季铵盐类阳离子表面活性剂, 本文主要研究以季铵盐类阳离子表面活性剂为柱撑剂, 对蒙脱石进行有机柱撑。 关键词：有机柱撑；蒙脱石；阳离子表面活性剂 Abstract Pillaring reaetion has been well known as one of the significant methods to prepar porous materials and inorganie一organie nanocomposites. Montmorillonite is a major host mineral for the pillaring reaetion beeause of its 2:1 sandwich-like structure and the exchangeable eations between the layers.Orgalile pillaring Reaction has an important signification for researehing the monimorillonite miero structure and understanding the reaction mechanism between natural organic matters and minerals. Organic pillared montmorillonite possesses not only the unique adsorptivity, dispersivity, porosity, rheologieal behavlor and surface acidity of the clay mineral but also the multivariate funetional groups and the reaetivity of the organic compound. As a new type of mineral materials, it has extensive potential applieation in catalysts, functional supporter, adsothents,fillerand layered silieate nanoeomposites.The choice of organic pillared ion at present most is a certain chain of quaternary ammonium salt cationic surfactant. In this paper, pillared montmorillonite were studied by pillaring quaternary ammonium salt cationic surfactant into it. Keywords: Organic pillared ;Montmorillonite; Cationic surfactant 前言 有机柱撑粘土(Organic Pillared Interlayer Clays ,OPI LCs)是有机分子(离子)通过离子交换方式或直接进入粘土矿物层间并使粘土矿物层间域微环境改变的一类有机——无机复合材料。经过有机柱撑处理的层状硅酸盐粘土矿物因性能优异， 近年来越来越引起人们的关注。研究表明 ,有机物质进入层间后能够改变蒙脱石