中国古代纺专研究考辨.PDF

Vol.49 第49卷 No.08, Aug. 2012 2012年08月 第08期 历史与文化 中国古代纺专研究考辨 1 2 1 李 强 ，李 斌 ，李建强 (1. 430200 2. 201620) 武汉纺织大学 纺织科学与工程学院，武汉 ； 东华大学 纺织学院，上海 摘要：基于最新的考古发现和相关的民俗学研究，对中国古代纺专的构成、操作、定名与轮制工具的相关性、起源、形制变迁、研 究意义进行考辨和假设，并进行了全面地概括和总结。研究认为：纺轮、纺坠作为纺纱工具时应定名为“纺专”为妥。纺专起源于 史前人类在投石索和弹弓使用过程中不经意的牵伸和加捻的认识，并随着社会需要而最终发明出来，随着时代的变迁，拈杆沿着直 状到钩状，纺轮沿着大形的圆饼形、馒头形、圆台形、算珠形、滑轮形、纵断面呈凸字形向小型的圆饼形、圆台形趋势发展。 关键词：纺专；纺纱；中国古代 中图分类号：TS103.1 ；K875.1 文献标志码：B 文章编号：1001-7003(2012)08-0057-08 A study on the spindle in Ancient China 1 2 1 LI Qiang , LI Bin , LI Jian-qiang (1.College of Textiles, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China; 2. College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China) Abstract: Based on the latest findings of archaeology and related researches on folk customs, this study investigates, supposes and comprehensively summarizes the composition, operation, name definition as well as the relativity, origin, shape changes and research significance of wheel-shape tools. According to researches, it is deemed that spinning wheel and spinning should be named as spindle when they are used for tools of spinning. The spindle derives from peoples casual cognition of extension and drafting in the process of using sling and slingshot. Besides, based on social requirements, people invent spindle. With the evolution of the society, the shape of the rods changes into