矿废弃地生物土壤结皮固氮微生物多样性_詹婧.pdf

DOI ：10.13287/j.1001-9332013 网络出版时间：2014-04-09 09:20 网络出版地址：/kcms/doi/10.13287/j.1001-9332013.html 铜尾矿废弃地生物土壤结皮固氮微生物多样性* 詹 婧 阳贵德 孙庆业** (安徽大学资源与环境工程学院,合肥 230601) 摘 要 生物土壤结皮能够有效提高矿业废弃地有机质和氮的积累,促进植被的恢复.本研究基于固氮微生物 的nifH 基因的多样性, 以铜陵铜尾矿废弃地3 种类型的生物土壤结皮(藻结皮、藓结皮和藻-藓混合结皮)为研 究对象,利用变性梯度凝胶电泳(DGGE)技术研究生物土壤结皮中固氮微生物的多样性以及废弃地植物群落发 育对其产生的影响.尾矿库裸地表面的藻结皮表现出最高的固氮微生物多样性,其次为维管植物群落下的藻- 藓混合结皮,苔藓结皮具有最低的固氮蓝藻多样性;随着维管植物群落高度和盖度的增加, 固氮微生物多样性 降低,铜尾矿废弃地的 pH 、水分、有机质、养分含量(氮和磷) 以及有效态和总重金属浓度对固氮微生物多样 性影响不显著.测序和系统发育分析表明,废弃地结皮中固氮微生物以蓝藻为主,主要为不具有异形胞的丝状 蓝藻. 关键词 生物土壤结皮 固氮微生物多样性矿业废弃地 PCR-DGGE 中图分类号 S154.36 Diversity of nitrogen-fixing microorganisms in biological soil crusts of copper mine wastelands. ZHAN Jing, YANG Gui-de, SUN Qing-ye (School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China) Abstract: Biological soil crusts play an important role in increasing organic matter and nitrogen in the revegetation of mining wastelands. The diversity of nitrogen-fixing microorganisms in three types of biological soil crusts (algal crust, moss crust and algal-moss crust) from two wastelands of copper mine tailings were investigated by polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis, based on the nifH gene of diazotrophs, to investigate: 1) the diversity of nifH gene in the crusts of mine wastelands, and 2) whether and how the nifH gene diversity in the crusts could be affected by the development of plant communities. The algal crust on the barren area displayed the hig