4510t-195m桥式起重机桁架梁主桁架结构及工艺设计.doc

45/5t-19.5m桥式起重机桁架梁主桁架 结构及工艺设计 摘 要 桥式起重机是应对产业机械化的一种快速搬运货品的机械装置，桥式起重机横跨在厂房上方，通过小车和吊钩可以实现在厂房的三维空间里任意移动，这样就为搬运各种零件或毛坯等提供了方便。桁架结构能在保证正常运输和移动的条件下，节省生产成本、减轻重量，同时还有易安装的特性等等，从而桥式起重机的主梁广泛地应用桁架结构。不过桁架结构侧向刚度小、结构空间大、焊接位置多等缺点，这些缺点需要通过校核和工艺分析来把控，使设计达到要求。 为了使主桁架不发生失稳破坏和扭曲变形，确保在运行状态中其挠度值不能大于规定的挠度值，必须用这些参数的许用值来控制计算结果，从而使桁架达到要求，这种方法叫做许用应力法。也是我们此次设计所主要采用的方法，还包括YXX（YXX）法等等。本次设计包括以下内容：首先进行计算，这一步包括了确定设计参数，然后通过YXX法，求出其各构件受力的情况，确定出所受最大内力的构件，以此构件为标准选取合适大小参照面的构件，再通过用料和稳定性选取合适的角钢，根据需要添加协同块或者上挠等等。 本次设计选用型桁架，其具有竖杆（SG）的三角形体系，能更稳定的承受载荷。考虑到本次设计主桁架跨度为19.5m，需要通过上挠来保重机的稳定运行。另外，主桁架长度较大，为满足需要，焊接时可以用不同长度的型钢对接成合适的尺寸。 关键词：主桁架，许用应力，YXX， CO2气体保护焊 Main Truss’s Structure and Process Design of 45t-22.5m Trussed Crane ABSTRACT Bridge crane is a response to the mechanization of industry of a fast moving goods machinery, bridge crane span over the factory, by car and hook can be implemented in any mobile workshop in the three-dimensional space, thus provided convenience for handling various parts or blank, etc. The truss structure can ensure normal transport and mobile conditions, save production costs, reduce weight, as well as the characteristics of easy installation, and so on, is widely used to bridge crane girder truss structure. But small lateral stiffness of truss structure, space structure, such as welding position more disadvantages, these shortcomings need to check and process analysis to the control. In order to buckle failure and distortion, to ensure that the running state of its deflection value of the deflection value is not greater than, must use these parameters to control the allowable value of the calculation results, which met the requirement of the truss, this measure is called the allowable pressure way. It is also the main method of our design, including the influence line (YXX) method and so on. Calculated, the plan has the following contents: first of all, this step includes the design parameters, and then through the YXX method, find out the situation of each bar stress determined by th