Book4 unit4grammar概要1.ppt

3). Walking in the street, I saw a tailor’s shop. 4). His father died, leaving the family even worse off. 注意： 1. 为了使V-ing形式作状语所表达的意思更为明确。可在V-ing 前加适当的连词（when ;while; if ; though; unless 等） While he was waiting for a bus, he met Mary. =Waiting for the bus, he met Mary. =While waiting for the bus, he met Mary. 需要注意的事项 一般形式：doing 现在分词的动作和谓语动词的动作同时发生用 Hearing the sad news, she burst into tears. 2.否定形式: not doing Not knowing his address, I couldn’t go to see him yesterday. 3. 完成式：having done 当分词的动作先于谓语动词的动作发生用分词的完成式 Having finished the class, she went home. 4.完成被动式：having been done Having been praised for his job, Tom worked harder. 完成否定式： Not having received the reply, he decided to write another one. 5. 进行被动式：being done Being criticised by the teacher, the boy hung his head. 注意： 现在分词作状语时，其逻辑主语必修与主句中主语一致。它们之间是主动关系。被动则用V-ed. 但是短语 generally speaking; judging from/by; compared with; supposing; to tell you the truth等是固定搭配。不受主语影响。 Judging from his face, he was very angry. 2. 作状语的V-ing形式和句子之间通常有一个逗号隔开，不能用并列连词。Studying hard, and you will pass the entrance examination to college. Studying hard, you will pass the entrance examination to college. Study hard, and you will pass the entrance examination to college. I was told that there were about 50 foreign students _____ Chinese in the school, most?_____?were from Germany. （2006年 辽宁卷）A. study; of whom?? ?????? B. study; of themC. studying; of them??????? D. studying; of?whom 2. Don’t sit there ________ nothing. Come and help me with this table. （2006年 湖北卷 A. do? B. to do? C. doing? D. and doing 3. —Come on, please give me some ideas about the project. —Sorry. With so much work ____ my mind, I almost break down. (2007年 福建卷） A. filled B. filling C. to fill D. being filled 4. —Can I smoke here? —Sorry. We don’t allow ______ here. (2007年 江苏卷） A. pe