中国文化Chinese porcelain.ppt

Unite 16 Porcelain —Calling Card of Chinese Culture In English, the country andporcelainshare the same name--China.This proves that Europeans have long known of China’s relationship to porcelain. Porcelain found its way to Europe in the 15th century, occupying an important position in the exchanges between China and other countries.The Keisel Randy Museum in Germany houses a blue-and-white bowl dating back to the Ming Dynasty. Porcelain garnered(收集 )a good reputation for China for its sophistication and elegance, and played an important role in the wave of the European idealization of China during the 17th and 18th centuries. In the rococo(洛可可式）style popular in Europe of that time, one could sense, from time to time, the influence of Chinese vogue（时髦） represented by Chinas styles of porcelain and gardens. Porcelain is of great significance in the history of Chinese civilization. Pottery was the predecessor（前任） of porcelain, while glazed（上釉的）pottery was the basis for the emergence of porcelain. Around the first century,porcelain production first emerged in China, and by the Song Dynasty it had become mature. Song-Dynasty porcelain represented the acme （顶峰）of Chinese porcelain technique. Five famous kilns （窑）,the Jun, Ding, Guan, Ge and Ru,were all creative and original in their respective products, and their porcelain ware has been intimated by later generations throughtout the ages. In the Yuan Dynasty, Jingdezhen became the center of the Chinese porcelain industry. Chinese porcelain is cherished for its serene（宁静的）color, crystal paste, graceful designs, and ingenious forms--a quest of generations of craftspeople.Bronzeware, pottery and porcelain are all popular with the Chinese people, though their styles vary widely. Pottery is simple and unsophisiticated, while bronzeware suggests solemnity（庄严）, but porcelain is the most exquisite and elegant. Porcelain can be regarded as the calling card of Chinese culture. This calling card represents the crystallization（结晶）of