材料物理科技英语课后答案.docVIP

Unit1 阳离子cation 阴离子anion 离子键ionic bonds 共价键covalent bonds 碱金属卤化物halide salts of alkali metals 波函数wave function 电子排布electron configuration 成对电子the pairing of electrons/paired electrons 电导conductivity 配位数coordination number cohesive force内聚力 isotropic 各向同性 vice versa 反之亦然 quantum mechanics 量子力学 hybridization of the atomic orbitals 原子轨道杂化 layer structure层状结构 The simple valence theory is based on the idea that atoms with a small number of electron in their last shell readily lose these electrons to atoms whose last shell is almost complete 简单化合价理论基于这样一种思想，即最外层只有少量电子的原子很容易丢失电子给那些最外层几乎排满的原子。 The classification of bonds into types is not absolute and, in readily, bonds with mixed character occur, such as ionic-covalent, ionic-metallic and covalent-metallic bonds(in semiconductors) 化学键的分类并不是绝对的，实际上，存在着诸如离子——共价键，离子——金属键和共价——金属键（半导体中）这样的混合键。 Unit3 缺陷化学defect chemistry 化学方程式chemical equation 净化工艺purification procedures 缔合缺陷associated defects 电子空穴electron holes 亚原子粒子subatomic particle 有效电荷effective charge 一价阴离子monovalent anion 二价阳离子divalent cation point defects点缺陷 chemical formulate化学公式 commence with 从…开始 charged interstitial site 带电荷填隙位置 host lattice 主晶格 non-metal 非金属 effectively neutral charge 有效中性电荷 vacancy pair 空对穴 One departure from ideality involves the motion of an atom from a normal site to an interstitial position. This type of disorder, which results in equal concentrations of vacant lattice sites and interstitial atoms, is called Frenkel disorder. 对理想状态的偏离包括这样一种情况：一个原子从正常格点运动到填隙位置。这种缺陷导致点阵空位与填隙原子的浓度相同，被称为弗伦克尔缺陷。 In FeO, for example, it is possible to have Fe3+ ions in addition to the normal Fe2+ ions. In this case, the Fe3+ ions are indicated as FeFe. 例如，在FeO中，用Fe3+替代本来的Fe2+是可行的。这种情况下，Fe3+被表示为FeFe. Unit4 胶体colloid 界面interface 表面surface 超出现有实验技术可达beyond the reach of existent experimental techniques 物理强度physical strengths 学科discipline 落后于lag behind 独特的性质unique nature 许多争论a great of controversy 区分distinguish 根据according to 真溶液true solution 悬浮液suspension 乳浊液emulsion 表面活