翻译Part 3 ppt课件.pptVIP

Translation at Syntactical Level Introduction Introduction Translation at Syntactical Level Main Content Synthetic vs. Analytic A synthetic language is characterized by frequent and systematic use of inflected forms to express grammatical relationships. An analytic language is marked by a relatively frequent use of function words, auxiliary verbs, and changes in word order to express syntactic relations, rather than of inflected forms. Synthetic vs. Analytic Modern English has become analytic but still frequently uses some hereditary inflections from Old English (a synthetic language). It is therefore a synthetic-analytic language. Chinese is a typical analytic language. Synthetic vs. Analytic When the words of a language are inflective in form, they are said to be associative in quality and therefore synthetic in construction. On the other hand, words not inflective in form are considered as isolating in quality and therefore analytic in construction. Inflection (变化词形), word order (安排词序) and the use of function words (运用虚词) are employed as the three grammatical devices in building English sentences. Synthetic vs. Analytic The inflection of a language has much to do with the position of words in the sentence. The less inflective a language, the more rigid the word order. Hence word order in English is not so rigid as in Chinese . 你死了，我去当和尚。 If you should die, I would go and be a monk. I would go and be a monk if you should die. 我去当和尚，你死了。（X） Differences in Word Order 真，善，美 fair, kind and true 劳动模范 model worker 温总理 Premier Wen 钢铁 iron and steel 东北 northeast 1203班 Class 1203 左顾右盼 look right and left 田径 track and field Differences in Word Order Most of the information we got is through that channel. 大部分消息我们得到的均是来自那个渠道。（X） 我们得到的大部分消息均是来自那个渠道。 (different order of the attributive phrases and clauses) His address is No. 11, Xueyuan Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, Hubei. 他的地址是湖北省武汉市武昌区学院路11号。 (different order of the sequence of adverbials of place) Differences in W