西双版纳傣族曼仑村植物遗传资源研究现状与保护策略.pdfVIP

植物学通报 2006, 23 (2): 177~185 Chinese Bulletin of Botany . . 实验简报 西双版纳傣族曼仑村植物遗传资源研究:现状与保护策略 * 龙春林 李美兰 ( 中国科学院昆明植物研究所 昆明 650204) 摘要 本文采用民族植物学和文化人类学的方法, 对地处我国西南边陲西双版纳勐仑镇的傣族村寨曼 仑村的植物遗传资源进行了调查和研究, 结果表明: 当地仍然保存有十分丰富的植物遗传资源, 栽培植 物有68个科, 136个属, 204个种, 地方品种也较丰富, 集中分布在葫芦科、天南星科、禾本科等8个科; 当 地人与植物遗传资源的形成和发展关系密切, 随着社会变迁、经济发展和人口膨胀等各种因素的影响, 原 本丰富的植物遗传资源锐减, 从而使与之共存的传统知识也面临消亡的危机。作者认为只有充分调动当 地人的积极性, 主动参与到植物遗传资源的保护领域, 才能进行有效保护。 关键词 村社植物遗传资源, 少数民族, 传统知识, 当地人的参与, 傣族 Status and Conservation Strategies of Community Plant Genetic Resources— A Case Study in Manlun, a Dai Village in Xishuangbanna * Chunlin Long , Meilan Li (Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Kunming 650204) Abstract This paper deals with the community plant genetic resources in Manlun, a Dai village in Xishuangbanna, through ethnobotanical and anthropological approaches. Rich plant genetic re- sources (PGRs) are still conserved in the village. The cultivated plants belong to 68 families, 136 genera and 204 species, which are used for edible, medicinal, ornamental and religious purposes. Many landraces are concentrated in 8 families such as Cucurbitaceae, Araceae, Gramineae. The local society have a very close relationship with the formation and development of PGRs. They play an important role in the conservation and utilization of PGRs. In recent years, PGRs are decreasing because of economic development, population increase and other factors. The indigenous knowl- edge and local culture are also facing challenges of loss of PGRs, which is a key to encouraging the local people’s participation in PGR conservation. Key words community plant genetic resources, ethnic people, indigenous knowledge, local people